{"id":74775,"date":"2017-01-29T10:28:59","date_gmt":"2017-01-29T04:58:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.vallamai.com\/?p=74775"},"modified":"2017-01-29T10:28:59","modified_gmt":"2017-01-29T04:58:59","slug":"%e0%ae%aa%e0%ae%bf%e0%ae%b0%e0%ae%aa%e0%ae%9e%e0%af%8d%e0%ae%9a%e0%ae%a4%e0%af%8d%e0%ae%a4%e0%ae%bf%e0%ae%a9%e0%af%8d-%e0%ae%ae%e0%ae%95%e0%ae%a4%e0%af%8d%e0%ae%a4%e0%ae%be%e0%ae%a9-%e0%ae%a8-41","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vallamai.com\/?p=74775","title":{"rendered":"\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0baa\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0bae\u0b95\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbe\u0ba9 \u0ba8\u0bc2\u0bb1\u0bc1 \u0baa\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd \u2013 \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0baa\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b8e\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0ba9\u0bc8 \u0bb5\u0bc7\u0b95\u0bae\u0bbe\u0b95 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0b8e\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0baa\u0ba4\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bc7\u0bb0\u0bca\u0bb3\u0bbf \u0bae\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bae\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd [Quasars] \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0bc8 \u0ba4\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0ba9"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<div class=\"adn ads\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<div class=\"gs\">\n<div id=\":mg\" class=\"ii gt adP adO\">\n<div id=\":mf\" class=\"a3s aXjCH m159e6d9b83fc7fe0\">\n<div dir=\"ltr\">\n<div class=\"gmail_default\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"gmail_default\">\n<div class=\"m_-4780561093325932569entry-content\">\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"CToWUd a6T aligncenter\" tabindex=\"0\" src=\"https:\/\/ci4.googleusercontent.com\/proxy\/_N_pTUTXcir7RtfalRElgsF9mYMce79SS5edrgAnyn3UYX_u3Uvt2R0XkrFIbAudg79fz4x0gVLAh-aT029YJrdAOqLv7bZhRx0e9Q5vItRSWjC8x3pisL63UAA0nXyHoBSLoRXAIA=s0-d-e1-ft#https:\/\/3c1703fe8d.site.internapcdn.net\/newman\/csz\/news\/800\/2015\/howfastisthe.jpg\" alt=\"How fast is the universe expanding?\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>\u0bb5\u0bc6\u0b95\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bc8\u0bb5\u0bbe\u0baf\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0baa\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bae\u0bcd<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>\u0b9a\u0bbf. \u0b9c\u0bc6\u0baf\u0baa\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0ba4\u0ba9\u0bcd B.E.(Hons) P.Eng (Nuclear) \u0b95\u0ba9\u0b9f\u0bbe<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"gmail_quote\">\n<div dir=\"ltr\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<div><b><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/bPMW7Q77p74\" target=\"_blank\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?hl=en&amp;q=https:\/\/youtu.be\/bPMW7Q77p74&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1485751845419000&amp;usg=AFQjCNHBV8nHyLe0yHZIB5-rDvdGfF45zQ\">https:\/\/youtu.be\/bPMW7Q77p74<\/a><\/b><\/div>\n<div>\n<div><b><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/k8fS_W4ZI1A\" target=\"_blank\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?hl=en&amp;q=https:\/\/youtu.be\/k8fS_W4ZI1A&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1485751845419000&amp;usg=AFQjCNG8t35eMx6DaXjhOZ5EJZE6PLQCDQ\">https:\/\/youtu.be\/k8fS_W4ZI1A<\/a><\/b><\/div>\n<div><b><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/mUNP1Zd_IuM\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?hl=en&amp;q=https:\/\/youtu.be\/mUNP1Zd_IuM&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1485751845419000&amp;usg=AFQjCNGjmrnqYSRIFEQ_hS3kYFgre8qIXQ\">https:\/\/youtu.be\/mUNP1Zd_IuM<\/a><\/b><\/div>\n<div><b><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/dB4-hoe8KDI\" target=\"_blank\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?hl=en&amp;q=https:\/\/youtu.be\/dB4-hoe8KDI&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1485751845419000&amp;usg=AFQjCNGxKqgB_shsCciPCNcz7iZ8HHw2xQ\">https:\/\/youtu.be\/dB4-hoe8KDI<\/a><\/b><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><\/div>\n<blockquote class=\"gmail_quote\">\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\">++++++++++++++++++<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/t9276Lk_Ipg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?hl=en&amp;q=https:\/\/youtu.be\/t9276Lk_Ipg&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1485751845419000&amp;usg=AFQjCNGYdQmT9NGXaVwGCh6u4Xif6TSP3A\">https:\/\/youtu.be\/t9276Lk_Ipg<\/a><\/strong><\/div>\n<div><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/6i1uWV4mfTc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?hl=en&amp;q=https:\/\/youtu.be\/6i1uWV4mfTc&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1485751845419000&amp;usg=AFQjCNEVlfz8n64LrmSBuaXA_sAZlTZg7A\">https:\/\/youtu.be\/6i1uWV4mfTc<\/a><\/strong><\/div>\n<div><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/3TZEp_n3eIc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?hl=en&amp;q=https:\/\/youtu.be\/3TZEp_n3eIc&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1485751845419000&amp;usg=AFQjCNHEJFr_8Fbd3AzVQTQl95cXIDMmwg\">https:\/\/youtu.be\/3TZEp_n3eIc<\/a><\/strong><\/div>\n<div><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/bagpxIzXow0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?hl=en&amp;q=https:\/\/youtu.be\/bagpxIzXow0&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1485751845419000&amp;usg=AFQjCNGvafxM6UvWPKCq8N_ij8gsCRD5EA\">https:\/\/youtu.be\/bagpxIzXow0<\/a><\/strong><\/div>\n<div><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/cw7MTOosfeU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?hl=en&amp;q=https:\/\/youtu.be\/cw7MTOosfeU&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1485751845419000&amp;usg=AFQjCNFavKqUFkcj3-JecXuEGF8_DDtA7w\">https:\/\/youtu.be\/cw7MTOosfeU<\/a><\/strong><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>\u00a0++++++++++++++++++<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"CToWUd aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/ci4.googleusercontent.com\/proxy\/NZzAS2301Td5_qQz1F6l_Gi1-h4RrLxWARafSap7JC-IkWaZqHuKGAxRLoizhwUSQNxf7kMji4-MPlgkrx77IZmbPU7MXTFojXnSKlltftt054t_3wa1pE0Sn7ORVtvu0fGgqVAtT2Edx_f9WK0z3vMuZCCZdHEu6kvT-3gYQ_BsT8K71n_jEhv6XugwZ14EltivBU0kOFnBKGGF7-X3spJot9f4ZTcx8chD=s0-d-e1-ft#https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/cdn.zmescience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/Lambda-Cold_Dark_Matter_Accelerated_Expansion_of_the_Universe_Big_Bang-Inflation.jpg\" alt=\"Image result for Expansion of universe\" width=\"475\" height=\"267\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0baa\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc8\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bbf \u0b85\u0bb1\u0bbf\u0baf \u0b92\u0bb0\u0bc1 \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0bae\u0bcd \u0bae\u0bc1\u0bb4\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b85\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0ba3\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bcb\u0ba4\u0bbe\u0ba4\u0bc1! \u0bae\u0bb1\u0bc8\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0b95\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b85\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0bae\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0bae\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0b9a\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bbe\u0b95\u0bb5\u0bc7 \u0bae\u0bb2\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0ba9!\u00a0 \u0b85\u0ba8\u0bc7\u0b95 \u0baa\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0baf \u0baa\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bc8 \u0bb5\u0bb0\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bcb\u0b95\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b8e\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbe\u0bb2 \u0baf\u0bc1\u0b95\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbe\u0b95, \u0b87\u0baf\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc8 \u0ba4\u0ba9\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbe\u0b95\u00a0 \u0bb5\u0bc8\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1\u0bb3\u0bcd\u0bb3\u0ba4\u0bc1! \u0b8e\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bb2\u0bbe \u0bae\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0bae\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bc8\u0baf\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b92\u0bb0\u0bc7 \u0b95\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95, \u0b87\u0baf\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc8 \u0b92\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0baa\u0bcb\u0ba4\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0ba8\u0bae\u0bcd\u0bae\u0bc8 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0bb5\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bb2\u0bc8<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0bb8\u0bc6\u0ba9\u0bc7\u0b95\u0bbe [Seneca (First Century)]<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0baa\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0baf \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0baa\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b86\u0baf\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bae\u0bcd [New Cosmology Project]<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>2017 \u0b9c\u0ba9\u0bb5\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b9c\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0bae\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0bae\u0bbe\u0b95\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b86\u0baf\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc2\u0b9f\u0bae\u0bcd \u0bae\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1 \u0b89\u0bb2\u0b95 \u0ba8\u0bbe\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b86\u0baf\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bc1\u0bb4\u0bc1\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bb0\u0bcb\u0b9f\u0bc1 \u0b87\u0ba3\u0bc8\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1,\u00a0<strong>\u0bb9\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bc8 \u0b87\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc8\u0baa\u0bcd [Hubble Constant]<\/strong>\u00a0\u0baa\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0baf \u0bae\u0bc1\u0bb1\u0bc8\u0baf\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bc1\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bb2\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bae\u0bbe\u0baf\u0bcd \u0b85\u0bb3\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95 \u0bae\u0bc1\u0baf\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1 \u0b95\u0ba3\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1\u0bb3\u0bcd\u0bb3\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd. \u00a0\u201c\u0bb9\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bc8 \u0b87\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bae\u0bcd\u201d \u0ba8\u0bae\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0baa\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b8e\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0ba9\u0bc8 \u0bb5\u0bc7\u0b95\u0bae\u0bbe\u0b95 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0bb5\u0b9f\u0bc8\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0b8e\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0baa\u0ba4\u0bc8\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bc1\u0bb1\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0ba4\u0bc1. \u0baa\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0baf \u0b85\u0bb3\u0bb5\u0bc0\u0b9f\u0bc1 \u0b9a\u0bae\u0bc0\u0baa\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bc8\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4 \u0b85\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0bae\u0bbe\u0b9f\u0bb2\u0bcd [Standard Cosmological Model] \u0bae\u0bc2\u0bb2\u0bae\u0bbe\u0baf\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0ba3\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4 \u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bae\u0bc8 \u0bb5\u0bc7\u0b95 \u0bb5\u0bc0\u0ba4 \u0b85\u0bb3\u0bb5\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0b9a\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bb5\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1\u0bb3\u0bcd\u0bb3\u0ba4\u0bc1.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"m_-4780561093325932569gmail- m_-4780561093325932569gmail-wp-image-5586 CToWUd a6T aligncenter\" tabindex=\"0\" title=\"Cover Image Edwin Hubble -1\" src=\"https:\/\/ci6.googleusercontent.com\/proxy\/MzdHQ8OelM9ThmrsWixftg4hU2_rk3ooYGjDGPuKBn8_c9aAmzt1Qit2uWOEHyQYjby8KYIbadtKq9lclHMB2U-8V7Ofib46I1lqwPPXqPLeWuwvQe6aB5boH7JOjQPJWsGIqGIN-9kiUG8aWVAGEA4=s0-d-e1-ft#https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/cover-image-edwin-hubble-1.jpg?w=441&amp;h=561\" alt=\"\" width=\"390\" height=\"500\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>(1889-1953)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0baa\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b92\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0baf\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0b8e\u0bb5\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bb3\u0bb5\u0bc1 \u0ba4\u0bc2\u0bb0\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b89\u0bb3\u0bcd\u0bb3\u0ba9 \u0b8e\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0ba3\u0bcb\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf \u0bae\u0bc2\u0bb2\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b95\u0ba3\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bcb\u0ba4\u0bc1, \u0ba8\u0bae\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0baa\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bae\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0baa\u0bcb\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1 \u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b95\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0baa\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bb4\u0bbf \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0ba4\u0bc1. \u00a0\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0baa\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9a \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0bb5\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bc0\u0ba4\u0bae\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bcb\u0ba4\u0bc1<strong>\u00a0\u201c\u0bb2\u0bbe\u0bae\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0bbe \u0b9a\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0b8e\u0bae\u0bcd \u00a0[Lambda CDM]\u201d<\/strong>\u00a0\u0b8e\u0ba9\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bc8\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1 \u0b85\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0bae\u0bbe\u0b9f\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0bae\u0bc2\u0bb2\u0bae\u0bcd\u00a0<strong>[Standard Cosmological Model] 72 km per sec per megaparsec [a megaparsec is about 3.3 million light-years] [42 miles per sec per megaparsec]<\/strong>\u00a0\u0b95\u0ba3\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0bae\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc0\u0b9f\u0bc1 \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bcd\u0baf\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0bb3\u0bcd\u0bb3\u0ba4\u0bc1. \u00a0\u0b87\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4 \u0bb5\u0bc7\u0b95 \u0bb5\u0bc0\u0ba4\u0bae\u0bc7<strong>\u0bb9\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bc8 \u0b87\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bae\u0bcd [Hubble Constant]<\/strong>\u00a0\u0b8e\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1 \u0b95\u0bc2\u0bb1\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0ba4\u0bc1. \u00a0\u0b87\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4 \u0bb9\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bc8 \u0b87\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd \u0b92\u0bb0\u0bc1 \u0ba8\u0bc2\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bbe\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1 \u0b95\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0bae\u0bbe\u0baf\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0bae\u0bcd\u0bae\u0bc8\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0ba4\u0bc1. \u00a0\u0b87\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bcb\u0ba4\u0bc8\u0baf \u0baa\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0baf \u0ba4\u0ba9\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4 \u0b95\u0ba3\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1 \u0bae\u0bc2\u0bb2\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b87\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4 \u0b87\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bae\u0bcd 3.8% \u0ba4\u0bc1\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bb2\u0bbf\u0bae\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bc0\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0bae\u0bc8\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0bb3\u0bcd\u0bb3\u0ba4\u0bc1. \u0b87\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0baf \u0b85\u0bb1\u0bbf\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1 \u0bb0\u0bbe\u0baf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bc1\u0bb4\u0bc1\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bb0\u0bcd \u00a0[Royal Astronomical Society] \u00a0\u0b87\u0ba4\u0bb4\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd 2017 \u0b9c\u0ba9\u0bb5\u0bb0\u0bbf 27 \u0b86\u0bae\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bc7\u0ba4\u0bbf \u0bb5\u0bc6\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0bb5\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1\u0bb3\u0bcd\u0bb3\u0ba4\u0bc1.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"CToWUd aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/ci6.googleusercontent.com\/proxy\/ubEWUhasYZ931uR0ETxs9gwVwu8c-rEbAr-v2pq5E6FWPT68AtuB3etpL5tNN7S8h2z2l_YsHnb_1ZaxS73xT-7g2aOhfXUXe5eJsdXvokY05w=s0-d-e1-ft#https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/planck.cf.ac.uk\/files\/Universe_history.jpg\" alt=\"Image result for Expansion of universe\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Click to Enlarge<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1920 \u0b86\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0bae\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bae\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0b9c\u0bbf\u0baf \u0b85\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9e\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0bbf \u0b9c\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0b9c\u0bbf\u0bb8\u0bcd \u0bb2\u0bc6\u0bae\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bb0\u0bcd [Georges Lamaitre] \u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bc6\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0b95\u0bc1 \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0baa\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bae\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0bb5\u0bbe\u0b95\u0bbf \u0bb5\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0b8e\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1 \u0b85\u0bb1\u0bbf\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bb5\u0bb0\u0bcd. \u00a0\u0b8f\u0bb1\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0bb1\u0bc8\u0baf \u0b85\u0ba4\u0bc7 \u0b9a\u0bae\u0baf\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b85\u0bae\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95 \u0bb5\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9e\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0bbf \u0b8e\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0bb9\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bcd [Edwin Hubble] \u0b92\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0bae\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc8\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd [Galaxies] \u0baa\u0bcb\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc8\u0ba4\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bca\u0bb2\u0bc8\u0ba8\u0bcb\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b86\u0bb0\u0bbe\u0baf\u0bcd\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1, \u0b85\u0bb5\u0bc8 \u0ba8\u0bae\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0baa\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bc0\u0ba4\u0bbf \u0b95\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0bbe\u0b95\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bc8 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bbf\u0b9a\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0ba4\u0bbe\u0b95\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd. \u00a0\u0bae\u0bc7\u0bb2\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bc2\u0bae\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bc6\u0b95\u0bc1 \u0ba4\u0bc2\u0bb0\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b89\u0bb3\u0bcd\u0bb3 \u0b92\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0bae\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc8\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0bae\u0bbf\u0b95 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bc8\u0bb5\u0bbe\u0baf\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bbf\u0b9a\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0ba4\u0bc8\u0baf\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd [Accelerating Expansion] \u0b85\u0bb1\u0bbf\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"CToWUd aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/ci3.googleusercontent.com\/proxy\/DoxXoVoOudFNSeLenvRCDFa6bhQXE4cXPKLDAuxPmo5Vc-Tnv7eiw9jrjjn7XiP_Vr6ChODRPn_tkIayhxwIGkMbGqR7_tieUsMZEN2dg0eA_TgKlip9pH19zQnSLbQ=s0-d-e1-ft#https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/astro.unl.edu\/classaction\/outlines\/galaxies\/quasars.jpg\" alt=\"Image result for quasars\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u0b95\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bcb\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0bb9\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bca\u0bb2\u0bc8\u0ba8\u0bcb\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf \u0b89\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0baa\u0b9f \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0ba3\u0bcb\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf\u0b9a\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bbe\u0ba4\u0ba9\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0bae\u0bcd\u0bae\u0bc8\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0ba9. \u0b87\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bcb\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0baa\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0baf \u0bae\u0bc1\u0bb1\u0bc8\u0baf\u0bbe\u0ba9<strong>\u0b88\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bc1\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba8\u0bcb\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bbe\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bbf [Gravitational Lensing]<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u0bae\u0bc2\u0bb2\u0bae\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bc1\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bb2\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bae\u0bbe\u0b95\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0baa\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9a \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0bb5\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bc7\u0b95 \u0bb5\u0bc0\u0ba4\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc8\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0ba3\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd. \u00a0\u0bb9\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bc8 \u0b87\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc8 \u0b85\u0bb3\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95 \u0b88\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bc1\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba8\u0bcb\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b90\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0baa\u0bc7\u0bb0\u0bca\u0bb3\u0bbf \u0bae\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bae\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd [Quasars] \u0b92\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bc8 \u0b86\u0baf\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bc1 \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0ba9\u0bb0\u0bcd. \u00a0\u0b95\u0bc1\u0bb5\u0b9a\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd \u0b8e\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0baa\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0baa\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bae\u0b9f\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1 \u0b92\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bbf \u0b95\u0bca\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f \u0b95\u0bc1\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bbf \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0bae\u0bc0\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bcb\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0ba4\u0bc1. \u0b92\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0bae\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc8 \u0bae\u0bc8\u0baf\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b89\u0bb3\u0bcd\u0bb3 \u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0ba8\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0bc8\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1\u0bb3\u0bc8\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bc7 [Supermassive Black Holes] \u0b95\u0bc1\u0bb5\u0b9a\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bcd \u0b8e\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1 \u0b95\u0bc1\u0bb1\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0ba9. \u00a0\u0b95\u0bc1\u0bb5\u0b9a\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bc7\u0bb0\u0bb3\u0bb5\u0bc1 \u0bae\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbe\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4 \u0b95\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0b95\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bc8 \u0bb5\u0bc6\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbe\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0ba4\u0bc1.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"CToWUd aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/ci4.googleusercontent.com\/proxy\/XaJRHVOAeUb0JDQW6bxdsshzLDMvJCQHdfItoUD4JjgbT4l0v46dJsql7dC0U8hBimBlCjua11_Sa1ZYiG769XstoPdeC4Ve9NFXj3lenp2xNUGJGRJafIf0N6qgXWZow3ffPMvAHkcFjF07gH23Nc0WPdHUdEGEX3CBhT8=s0-d-e1-ft#https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/planetfacts.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/massive-star-supernova-gamma-ray-burst.jpg\" alt=\"Image result for Expansion of Universe Nova\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0baa\u0bc7\u0bb0\u0bca\u0bb3\u0bbf \u0bae\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bae\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bbf [Quasar]<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0bae\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bae\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0b92\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bbf [Luminosity of Quasars] \u0b95\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bcb\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0bae\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bcb\u0baf\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1 \u0bae\u0bbe\u0bb1\u0bc1\u0baa\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0ba9. \u00a0\u0b88\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bc1\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba8\u0bcb\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b92\u0bb5\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bcb\u0bb0\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bc1\u0bb5\u0b9a\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bbe\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bbe\u0bae\u0ba4\u0bae\u0bbe\u0baf\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0ba4\u0bc1. \u00a0\u0b95\u0bc1\u0bb5\u0b9a\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0b92\u0bb5\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bcb\u0bb0\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bbe\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0baf\u0ba3 \u0ba4\u0bc2\u0bb0\u0bae\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0baa\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9a \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0bb5\u0bc8\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bca\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0ba4\u0bc1. \u00a0\u0b85\u0ba4\u0bbe\u0bb5\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0bb9\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bc8 \u0b87\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc8\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bca\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0ba4\u0bc1. \u00a0\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0baa\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9a \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0bb5\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bc0\u0ba4\u0bae\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bcb\u0ba4\u0bc1<strong>\u00a0\u201c\u0bb2\u0bbe\u0bae\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0bbe \u0b9a\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0b8e\u0bae\u0bcd \u00a0[Lambda CDM]\u201d<\/strong>\u00a0\u0b8e\u0ba9\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bc8\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1 \u0b85\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0bae\u0bbe\u0b9f\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0bae\u0bc2\u0bb2\u0bae\u0bcd<strong>[Standard Cosmological Model] 72 km per sec per megaparsec [a megaparsec is about 3.3 million light-years] [42 miles per sec per megaparsec]<\/strong>\u00a0\u0b95\u0ba3\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0bae\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc0\u0b9f\u0bc1 \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bcd\u0baf\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0bb3\u0bcd\u0bb3\u0ba4\u0bc1. \u00a0\u0b87\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4 \u0bb5\u0bc7\u0b95 \u0bb5\u0bc0\u0ba4\u0bae\u0bc7\u00a0<strong>\u0bb9\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bc8 \u0b87\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bae\u0bcd [Hubble Constant]<\/strong>\u00a0\u0b8e\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1 \u0b95\u0bc2\u0bb1\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0ba4\u0bc1.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"CToWUd aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/ci6.googleusercontent.com\/proxy\/r4sD9I-KETfREDxR82Y0NdgCTFgmpLmuOCtrPBMR2m32pYiPqb76beQ-l1vLQIEmJN09oU40oYZ8h5jdfbMaWY6DZLFEx1aNX8mg9GH3OzzVtG1PaM6KlhIwWvux7SyXlXlh=s0-d-e1-ft#https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.astronomynow.com\/news\/n1307\/01quasars\/cartoon_large.jpg\" alt=\"Image result for quasars\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Click to Enlarge<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0baa\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bc6\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bc8\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4 \u0baa\u0bc1\u0bb0\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bbf!<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bc6\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd, \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0baa\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bc8\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0bae\u0bbe\u0bb1\u0bc1\u0baa\u0bbe\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0bae\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bc1\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4 \u0bae\u0bbe\u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0baa\u0bc1\u0bb0\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bbf [Chaos]! \u0b8e\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc6\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1 \u0ba8\u0bcb\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bbe\u0bb1\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bbe\u0bb1\u0bc1, \u0b92\u0bb4\u0bc1\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc0\u0ba9\u0bae\u0bcd! \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bc6\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0bae\u0bc0\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0b87\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bb2\u0bc8! \u0baa\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bae\u0baf \u0bb5\u0bc0\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0b87\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bb2\u0bc8! \u0b95\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0b87\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bb2\u0bc8! \u0b89\u0baf\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bae\u0bcb,\u00a0 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bae\u0bcb \u0b8e\u0ba4\u0bc1\u0bb5\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b87\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bb2\u0bc8! \u0bb0\u0b9a\u0bbe\u0baf\u0ba9\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bc2\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0bc8\u0baf\u0bbe! \u0b85\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1 \u0b8e\u0ba9\u0bbe\u0ba4\u0baa\u0b9f\u0bbf\u00a0 \u0b8e\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b95\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bc6\u0bb4\u0bc1\u0b9a\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd! \u0b95\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bc0\u0b9a\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd! \u0bb5\u0bc6\u0bb1\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd [Particles]! \u0baa\u0bb0\u0bae\u0bbe\u0ba3\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd [Sub\u00a0 atomic particles]! \u0ba4\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bbe\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bae\u0bcd! \u0ba4\u0bca\u0b9f\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0b85\u0bb5\u0bc8 \u0baf\u0bbe\u0bb5\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0b95\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0bae\u0bc1\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bbf \u0bae\u0bcb\u0ba4\u0bbf,\u00a0 \u0b87\u0ba3\u0bc8\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1, \u0baa\u0bbf\u0ba3\u0bc8\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0baa\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bc1\u0ba3\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0b89\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bbe\u0baf\u0bbf\u0ba9! \u0bae\u0bcb\u0ba4\u0bb2\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bbf\u0bb2 \u0ba4\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0b85\u0bb4\u0bbf\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bcb\u0baf\u0bbf\u0ba9! \u00a0\u0b8e\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0ba3\u0bb2\u0bcd, \u0bb5\u0bc6\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bae\u0bcd, \u0b95\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0baa\u0ba9\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95 \u0b87\u0baf\u0bb2\u0bbe\u0ba4 \u0b85\u0bb3\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bc1\u0bb0\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd [Chaotic Particles]\u00a0 \u0b89\u0bae\u0bbf\u0bb4\u0bcd\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4 \u0b89\u0bb7\u0bcd\u0ba3\u0bae\u0bcd! \u0b85\u0ba4\u0bc7 \u0b95\u0ba3\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bca\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bc7\u0bb0\u0bca\u0bb3\u0bbf \u0b85\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd! \u0b85\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0b8e\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0ba3\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0b8e\u0b95\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bcd\u0bb0\u0bc7 \u0b95\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0b8e\u0bb4\u0bc1\u0b9a\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bbf! \u0bae\u0bc8\u0baf \u0bae\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bb2\u0bbe\u0ba4, \u0b95\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1 \u0b95\u0bb0\u0bc8\u0baf\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1 \u0b8e\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bb2\u0bc8 \u0bae\u0bc0\u0bb1\u0bbf\u0baf \u0bb5\u0bc6\u0bb3\u0bbf!\u00a0 \u0b8e\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc6\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1 \u0b95\u0bbe\u0ba3\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0b95\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf \u0bae\u0baf\u0bae\u0bcd! \u0b8e\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc6\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4 \u0b85\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0b9f\u0bc8\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95 \u0bae\u0bc1\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcb, \u0b85\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u00a0 \u0ba4\u0bcb\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b89\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0bb5\u0bbe\u0b95\u0bbf\u0b9a\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0b95\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bbe\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bb5\u0bae\u0bcd!<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/fig-1c-the-giant-eye.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?hl=en&amp;q=https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/fig-1c-the-giant-eye.jpg&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1485751845420000&amp;usg=AFQjCNFEfUrhiElmXY69S6B8qiybPUerSg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"m_-4780561093325932569gmail- m_-4780561093325932569gmail-size-full m_-4780561093325932569gmail-wp-image-5588 CToWUd aligncenter\" title=\"Fig 1C The Giant Eye\" src=\"https:\/\/ci3.googleusercontent.com\/proxy\/sTQpgquhJkj4LoSNYoekWr1FqWlVuqbT5LHB1Qk0xsJ3IGKT3qHZ4m79Or1TJMEO9NxvLNk4WB3chquWH_R-5aLaotAI8xzo66JJAQJdXZPq8Hf1HI9Dp0fdim7K3W5f-5yfmTI=s0-d-e1-ft#https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/fig-1c-the-giant-eye.jpg?w=584\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0b8e\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0bb5\u0bc1! \u0bb5\u0bc6\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bc6\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0bb5\u0bc1! \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0bb5\u0bc1! \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0bb5\u0bc1! \u0b88\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b87\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0bb5\u0bc1, \u0ba4\u0bc1\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0ba4 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0bb5\u0bc1! \u0b87\u0bb0\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bb0\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bb2\u0bc2\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0b89\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bcb\u0ba4\u0bc1, \u0b92\u0bb0\u0bc1 \u0baa\u0bc1\u0bb3\u0bcd\u0bb3\u0bbf \u0b85\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bbf\u0baf \u0baa\u0bc1\u0bb3\u0bcd\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bc8\u00a0 \u0bae\u0bc1\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbe\u0bae\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b92\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bbe\u0baf\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0bb5\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0baa\u0bcb\u0bb2\u0bcd, \u0b85\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd [Universe] \u0b92\u0bb5\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bca\u0bb0\u0bc1 \u0b95\u0bb3\u0bae\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bb3\u0bae\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0ba4\u0bc1! \u0b92\u0bb5\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bcb\u0bb0\u0bcd \u0b85\u0bb0\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bae\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd [Region] \u0b92\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc8 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1 \u0b92\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bbf \u0b85\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0ba4\u0bc1!\u00a0 \u0b85\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4 \u0b95\u0ba3\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bb4\u0bcd\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0ba4\u0bc1, \u0ba4\u0ba3\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1 [Cooling]! \u0b95\u0bc1\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bc6\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bae\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0ba3\u0bbf\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0b8f\u0bb0\u0bbe\u0bb3\u0bae\u0bbe\u0ba9\u00a0 \u0ba4\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bc1\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf \u0b87\u0b9f\u0bb5\u0b9a\u0ba4\u0bbf \u0b85\u0bae\u0bc8\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1! \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bc6\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0b9a\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0b95\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0b89\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc8\u0b95\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0b95\u0bc1\u0bb1\u0bc8\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1, \u0b85\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b89\u0bb7\u0bcd\u0ba3\u0bae\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bc1\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bbf\u0baf\u0ba4\u0bc1!<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2017\/01\/gravity-lensing.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?hl=en&amp;q=https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2017\/01\/gravity-lensing.jpg&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1485751845420000&amp;usg=AFQjCNE9U9sz-bBnTVFErg3pHFczpTmB4w\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"m_-4780561093325932569gmail- m_-4780561093325932569gmail-size-full m_-4780561093325932569gmail-wp-image-23623 CToWUd aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/ci5.googleusercontent.com\/proxy\/KCJcPurthd49rGJwYe0XMX3xmWlZyvP2pek4LF9i-GINGJE4SqpkvY87eYHXZ6J-0PVgkFUsQR0rtZdjMY7Ko9RQahYkmyOHrpMUar-tDF-PYB2S3HvlD6zTgdZooyLmV14x2I1a=s0-d-e1-ft#https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2017\/01\/gravity-lensing.jpg?w=584&amp;h=216\" alt=\"gravity-lensing\" width=\"584\" height=\"216\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Click to Enlarge<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2017\/01\/gravitational-lensing-1.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?hl=en&amp;q=https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2017\/01\/gravitational-lensing-1.jpg&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1485751845420000&amp;usg=AFQjCNEBxe58WdzcIdejgx1ciV1P5hiY_g\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"m_-4780561093325932569gmail- m_-4780561093325932569gmail-size-full m_-4780561093325932569gmail-wp-image-23625 CToWUd aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/ci3.googleusercontent.com\/proxy\/JcNr0y1IltfPCE3Si9h3i-t9AbsK-STFLAv5vmgPBwfsZEeVnxo9UpCPlppDtfVLTL00C3lSbGFBVVP3FRXK1IQWBwybrwusnNefOY5y5FeDqg-qu8u5KISf4MMcpi9muJU_BCDhSIsLqjyfwKs=s0-d-e1-ft#https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2017\/01\/gravitational-lensing-1.jpg?w=584&amp;h=584\" alt=\"gravitational-lensing-1\" width=\"584\" height=\"584\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0bae\u0bc1\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b92\u0bb4\u0bc1\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc0\u0ba9\u0ba4\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bbe\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bb5\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bc8\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4 \u0baa\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bc1\u0ba3\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0b92\u0baf\u0bcd\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0ba9! \u0b85\u0bb4\u0bbf\u0bb5\u0bc1 \u0b87\u0baf\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bae\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b93\u0baf\u0bcd\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0ba4\u0bc1! \u0b86\u0ba9\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bc6\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0bb5\u0bc1 \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbe\u0bae\u0bb2\u0bcd,\u00a0 \u0ba4\u0bca\u0b9f\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0b95\u0bca\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc7 \u0baa\u0bc7\u0bb0\u0bca\u0bb3\u0bbf \u0bae\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0bae\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0ba4\u0bc1! \u0bae\u0bc0\u0ba4\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf\u0baf \u0baa\u0bbf\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0ba4\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0ba4\u0bc1\u0ba3\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bc1\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1, \u0b89\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc8\u0ba4\u0bcd \u0b95\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bbe\u0b95\u0ba4\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bbe\u0baf\u0bc1 \u0bae\u0bc7\u0b95\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bbe\u0baf\u0bcd \u0bae\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0ba9!\u00a0 \u0b85\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bcb\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0baa\u0bc2\u0ba4 \u0b88\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0b9a\u0bc8 [Giant Gravitational Force] \u0b8e\u0bb4\u0bc1\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0bae\u0bc7\u0b95\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bc8 \u0b85\u0bb4\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0b9a\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0b9a\u0bc1\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0bae\u0bc0\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bcb\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bbf\u0ba9! \u0b85\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f \u0b95\u0bcb\u0bb3\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bcb\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bbf\u0ba9! \u0b95\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd [Galaxies]\u00a0 \u0ba4\u0bcb\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bbf\u0ba9! \u0b9a\u0bc2\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0baf \u0bae\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bb2\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bcb\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bbf\u0ba9!<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/fig-1e-mount-wilson-telescope.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?hl=en&amp;q=https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/fig-1e-mount-wilson-telescope.jpg&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1485751845420000&amp;usg=AFQjCNF349uRA_Ljqvs51GFwHVbSmaDENw\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"m_-4780561093325932569gmail- m_-4780561093325932569gmail-size-full m_-4780561093325932569gmail-wp-image-5589 CToWUd aligncenter\" title=\"Fig 1E Mount Wilson Telescope\" src=\"https:\/\/ci6.googleusercontent.com\/proxy\/Ksd-YUYCQDaYmopDC217QN2_R4YfSFZ-uliwBsQPp4MKwdZH2yEgAOIkej14rctPK-0fgOV-3LEoU1vSGqFBROl1wSqF3DrK4YD8p6hprlv5zYBiy7GNE1bzmDO4yA8_G7R1a2gBs2fvuhZvrcs=s0-d-e1-ft#https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/fig-1e-mount-wilson-telescope.jpg?w=584\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0b87\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0baa\u0ba4\u0bbe\u0bae\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bc2\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bbe\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0baf\u0bc2\u0b95\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4 \u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bc6\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1 \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0baf\u0ba4\u0bbf!<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0baa\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc8\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bbf \u0baf\u0bc2\u0b95\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bb2 \u0b95\u0bcb\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbe\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b92\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bbe\u0ba9, \u2018\u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bc6\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1\u00a0 \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0baf\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bc8\u0ba4\u0bcd \u2018 \u0ba4\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bcb\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bae\u0bc8\u0baf\u0bbe\u0ba9 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9e\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0b92\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bca\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0bb3\u0bcd\u0bb3\u0ba9\u0bb0\u0bcd.\u00a0 \u0b85\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0b9f\u0bbf \u0b86\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0baa\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bae\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bc7\u0bb0\u0bb3\u0bb5\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bbf\u0ba3\u0bbf\u0bb5\u0bc1\u0bb3\u0bcd\u0bb3, \u0bae\u0bbf\u0b95\u0ba4\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bae\u0bbe\u0ba9, \u0bb5\u0bc6\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0b95\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0b95\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbe\u0b95 [Extremely Dense, Compact &amp; Hot] \u0b87\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0ba4\u0bc1! 10-20 \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bb2\u0bbf\u0baf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0b86\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1 \u0bae\u0bc1\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1,\u00a0 \u0b93\u0bb0\u0bcd \u0b85\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bc6\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1 [Cosmic Explosion] \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bb4\u0bcd\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0b85\u0ba4\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0baa\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bae\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1,\u00a0 \u0b95\u0bc1\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0baa\u0bcb\u0baf\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0ba4\u0bc1! 1915 \u0b87\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b86\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bcd \u0b90\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc8\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0b86\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf\u0baf \u2018\u0baa\u0bca\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0b92\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bb2\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0baf\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bb3\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bae\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbe\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd\u2019 [Field Equations of General Theory of Relativity]\u00a0 \u0b85\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0b9f\u0bc8\u0baf\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b85\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bcb\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbe\u0b9f\u0bc1 \u0b89\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0bb5\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0ba4\u0bc1!<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"CToWUd aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/ci5.googleusercontent.com\/proxy\/BnbGtQijY-H5YawJpDj5qfnSrtPBAwBj6TvABanlHeoZromZVcXYW5O--CAdMEse59vwhZYFrLKcDoApHXPkuCLr01cJZPvpKTt2C5xXP3iOk0KksPZ044T6-p_vVWQHRJNbX7li-RUhz7QGJVs=s0-d-e1-ft#https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/www.spacetelescope.org\/static\/archives\/images\/wallpaper2\/heic9910c.jpg\" alt=\"Image result for gravity lensing\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0b88\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bc1\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba8\u0bcb\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1 \u00a0[Gravity Lensing]<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0baa\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bcb\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc8 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u2018\u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bc6\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1 \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0baf\u0ba4\u0bbf \u2018 [Big Bang Theory] \u0b87\u0ba4\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0bcd!\u00a0 \u0baa\u0bc7\u0bb0\u0bb3\u0bb5\u0bc1 \u0b89\u0bb7\u0bcd\u0ba3 \u0bae\u0bc1\u0bb3\u0bcd\u0bb3, \u0bae\u0bbe\u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bbf\u0ba3\u0bbf\u0bb5\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd [Density] \u0baa\u0bb3\u0bc1\u0bb5\u0bc1 \u0bae\u0bc1\u0bb3\u0bcd\u0bb3 [Mass] \u0b92\u0bb0\u0bc1 \u0ba4\u0bc0\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bcb\u0bb3\u0ba4\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0ba4\u0bc0\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb0 \u0bb5\u0bc6\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bca\u0b9f\u0bb0\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0bb5\u0bc1! \u0b85\u0bb5\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bc6\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b8f\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0baa\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f \u0b92\u0bb4\u0bc1\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc0\u0ba9\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bc8\u0bb5\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd! \u0bae\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bb2\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b86\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bcd \u0b90\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc8\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bc2\u0b9f \u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bc6\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1 \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0baf\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bc8\u00a0 \u0ba8\u0bae\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1\u0bb5\u0ba4\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0baf\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd! \u0b85\u0ba4\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bbe\u0b95 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbe\u0ba4, \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bc8\u0baf\u0bbe\u0ba9 \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0baa\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9a \u0bae\u0bbe\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bbf\u00a0 \u0b85\u0bae\u0bc8\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc8 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95 \u0bae\u0bc1\u0baf\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1 \u0b85\u0bb5\u0bb0\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bae\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbe\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bc8\u0ba4\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd! \u0baa\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0ba9\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b85\u0bb5\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bbe\u0bb1\u0bc1 \u0bae\u0bbe\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bbf\u0baf\u0ba4\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1, \u0b90\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc8\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd! \u0b9a\u0bbf\u0bb2 \u0b86\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0b95\u0bc1 1922 \u0b87\u0bb2\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0bb0\u0bb7\u0bcd\u0baf \u0bb5\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bc1\u0ba3\u0bb0\u0bcd \u0b85\u0bb2\u0bc6\u0b95\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bb0\u0bcd \u0b83\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bc8\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0bae\u0ba9\u0bcd [Alexander Friedmann (1888-1925)]\u00a0 \u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0b9c\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b85\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b9e\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0bbf \u0b9c\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0b9c\u0bb8\u0bcd \u0bb2\u0bc6\u0bae\u0bc8\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bb0\u0bcd [Georges Lemaitre (1894-1966)]\u00a0 \u0b87\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0bb5\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bc6\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1 \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0baf\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bc8 \u0b85\u0bb1\u0bbf\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1, \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0baa\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc8 \u0bae\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0bae\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bb2\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/fig-1a-the-bing-bang-universe.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?hl=en&amp;q=https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/fig-1a-the-bing-bang-universe.jpg&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1485751845420000&amp;usg=AFQjCNEuNME0cS1EtCwKVmi53B7hEdXx7A\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"m_-4780561093325932569gmail- m_-4780561093325932569gmail-size-full m_-4780561093325932569gmail-wp-image-5590 CToWUd aligncenter\" title=\"Fig 1A The Bing Bang Universe\" src=\"https:\/\/ci5.googleusercontent.com\/proxy\/gIryDShSVxhhwc_lJNLvqIZIIx0sVDt9J_j4XdygxLcikobiDQ5AloVvsy-70ETaQtFsmTzZh2XWUS7a_kx0ENIO3dbvulV57k3Xoq2xmSZoWKEaDVZ5zIXU5M0kONpNNYcbhQIUrtBp0BfSo6s=s0-d-e1-ft#https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/fig-1a-the-bing-bang-universe.jpg?w=584\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>1923 \u0b87\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b90\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc8\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0bae\u0bbe\u0bb1\u0bbe\u0ba4 \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0baa\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc8\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bbf \u0b8e\u0bb4\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0baf\u0ba4\u0bc8\u0ba4\u0bcd \u2018\u0ba4\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bcd\u0ba4 \u0bae\u0bbe\u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bb5\u0bb1\u0bc1 \u2018 \u0b8e\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1 \u0b92\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bca\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd! \u0b85\u0bb2\u0bc6\u0b95\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bbe\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bb0\u0bcd \u0b83\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bc8\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0bae\u0ba9\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0b95\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc8 \u0b8f\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bca\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0baa\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bcb\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbe\u0b9f\u0bc8\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bb2\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95, \u0b90\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc8\u0ba9\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0ba4\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bae\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbe\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bc8\u0ba4\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf \u0b8e\u0bb4\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd!<\/p>\n<p>\u0b85\u0bae\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95 \u0bb5\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bc1\u0ba3\u0bb0\u0bcd, \u0b8e\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0bb9\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bcd [Edwin Hubble] 1929 \u0b86\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b86\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b95\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1\u00a0 \u0baa\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bc6\u0bb3\u0bbf \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc8 \u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bc6\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1 \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0baf\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1 \u0b86\u0ba3\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bb0\u0bae\u0bbe\u0ba9 \u0b9a\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bbe\u0b95 \u0b86\u0ba9\u0ba4\u0bc1!\u00a0 \u0bb5\u0bc6\u0b95\u0bc1 \u0ba4\u0bca\u0bb2\u0bc8\u0bb5\u0bc1 \u0b95\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd [Galaxies] \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b92\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0ba8\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc8\u0baf\u0bc8 [Light Spectrum], \u0b9a\u0b95\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u00a0 \u0bb5\u0bbe\u0baf\u0bcd\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4 \u0baa\u0bc2\u0ba4\u0ba4\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bca\u0bb2\u0bc8 \u0ba8\u0bcb\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf \u0bae\u0bc2\u0bb2\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b86\u0bb0\u0bbe\u0baf\u0bcd\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4 \u0baa\u0bcb\u0ba4\u0bc1, \u0b85\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba8\u0bbf\u0bb1 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0bae\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc8\u00a0 \u0ba8\u0bcb\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0ba4\u0bc8\u0b95\u0bcd [Redshift, \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba8\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bbf] \u0b95\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd! \u2018\u0b9f\u0bbe\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bb0\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bc8\u0bb5\u0bc1 \u2018 [Doppler\u00a0 Effect] \u0b95\u0bc2\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0b9f\u0bbf \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba8\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0b92\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc8 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1 \u0b92\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bbf\u00a0 \u0b85\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bcb\u0b95\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0ba9 \u0b8e\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1 \u0ba4\u0bc6\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0bb5\u0bbe\u0b95 \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bc2\u0baa\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0ba4\u0bc1! \u0bae\u0bc7\u0bb2\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bc2\u0bb0\u0bae\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0b85\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bae\u0bbe\u0b95 \u0b85\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bae\u0bbe\u0b95, \u0b85\u0bb5\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bc7\u0b95\u0bae\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0bae\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bc8\u0baf\u0bbe\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0ba4\u0bc1, \u0b8e\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b8e\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0bb9\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0b95\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1 \u0baa\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd!<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/fig-1b-edwin-classification.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?hl=en&amp;q=https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/fig-1b-edwin-classification.jpg&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1485751845420000&amp;usg=AFQjCNGohRdbe8D4FJxgyDh9XkDBbD2c9Q\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"m_-4780561093325932569gmail- m_-4780561093325932569gmail-size-full m_-4780561093325932569gmail-wp-image-5591 CToWUd aligncenter\" title=\"Fig 1B Edwin Classification\" src=\"https:\/\/ci6.googleusercontent.com\/proxy\/gZnJW_KQMmT9ZEasb0ExyEEdlrx8lPh_LQh_WF8NYOty06Sd4GPm3sqeadljarK1LJ--jlfxL6K_c7n3ljyrLnIQh6xDvfZH3SDswfsM-EcRh3-AsKQlDGDAMiSurhoZguVLmEynbMwuqeyG=s0-d-e1-ft#https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/fig-1b-edwin-classification.jpg?w=584\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0baa\u0bc2\u0ba4\u0ba4\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bca\u0bb2\u0bc8\u0ba8\u0bcb\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0baa\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc8 \u0b86\u0baf\u0bcd\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9e\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0bbf<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1925 \u0baa\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbe\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1 \u0ba4\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbe\u0bb8\u0bbf\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0ba9\u0bcd D.C. \u0b87\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0b9f\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4 \u0b85\u0bae\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95 \u0bb5\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bb2\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0b95\u0bc1\u0bb4\u0bc1\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd [American Astronomical Society] \u0bae\u0bc1\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf \u0bae\u0bc2\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bbe\u0bb5\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0b95\u0bc2\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd,\u00a0 \u0b95\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0bbf\u0b83\u0baa\u0bcb\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0ba9\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbe\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bbe\u0bb8\u0b9f\u0bc7\u0ba9\u0bbe [Pasadena] \u0ba8\u0b95\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1, \u0ba8\u0bc7\u0bb0\u0bbe\u0b95 \u0bb5\u0bb0 \u0bae\u0bc1\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbe\u0ba4\u00a0 \u0b93\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bc8\u0b9e\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9e\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0ba4\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bbe\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0bae\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbe\u0b9a\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0ba4\u0bc1! \u0b85\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bcb\u0ba4\u0bc8\u0baf \u0b89\u0bb2\u0b95\u0baa\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bb0\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd 100 \u0b85\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0bb2 \u0b8e\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bca\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd [Mount Wilson 100 \u2018 Reflector]\u00a0 \u0baa\u0ba3\u0bbf \u0baf\u0bbe\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bbf\u0baf, 32 \u0bb5\u0baf\u0ba4\u0bc1\u0b9f\u0bc8\u0baf, \u0b85\u0bae\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95 \u0bb5\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9e\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0bbf \u0b8e\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0bb9\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bcd [Edwin\u00a0 Hubble] \u0b92\u0bb0\u0bc1 \u0baa\u0bc2\u0ba4 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0bae\u0bc0\u0ba9\u0bc8\u0b95\u0bcd [Giant Star, Cepheid] \u0b95\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd! \u0b85\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0b92\u0bb3\u0bbf \u0bae\u0bb2\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd,\u00a0 \u0bb5\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd [Luminosity, Size] \u0bae\u0bbe\u0bb1\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0bae\u0bc0\u0ba9\u0bcd [Variable Star]! \u0b86\u0b95\u0bb5\u0bc7 \u0b95\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0bae\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bc0\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95 \u0ba8\u0bc0\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95,\u00a0 \u0b85\u0bb5\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0bae\u0bc0\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0b92\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0bae\u0bc1\u0bb4\u0bc1\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bc2\u0bb0\u0ba3 \u0bae\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd [Absolute Magnitude] \u0b95\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0bc8\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd.\u00a0 \u0b86\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb0\u0bcb\u0bae\u0bc0\u0b9f\u0bbe [Andromeda or M31] \u0b8e\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1 \u0b85\u0bb4\u0bc8\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b85\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0bae\u0bc0\u0ba9\u0bcd, \u0b85\u0b95\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f \u0b9a\u0bc1\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0bb3\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0bae\u0bc7\u0b95\u0bae\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bcb\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1 \u0b92\u0bb0\u0bc1 \u0bae\u0bbe\u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bc1\u0bb3\u0bbe [Great Nepula]! \u0b85\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0bae\u0bc0\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0b85\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0ba4\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bc2\u0bb0\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bc8\u00a0 [Cosmic Distances] \u0b95\u0ba3\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0ba4\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1 \u0bae\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bb5\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b89\u0ba4\u0bb5\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0ba4\u0bc1! \u0b86\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb0\u0bcb\u0bae\u0bc0\u0b9f\u0bbe \u0ba8\u0bae\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0baa\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bae\u0baf\u00a0 \u0bb5\u0bc0\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd [Milky Way] \u0b85\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bc6\u0b95\u0bc1 \u0ba4\u0bca\u0bb2\u0bc8\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b87\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0ba4\u0bbe\u0b95 \u0bb9\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0b90\u0baf\u0bae\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bbf\u00a0 \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bc2\u0baa\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bbe\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd!<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/fig-1-edwin-with-the-huge-telescope.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?hl=en&amp;q=https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/fig-1-edwin-with-the-huge-telescope.jpg&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1485751845420000&amp;usg=AFQjCNFJAmDpPnSlYhKw9-br_dt-6RcmFg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"m_-4780561093325932569gmail- m_-4780561093325932569gmail-size-full m_-4780561093325932569gmail-wp-image-5592 CToWUd aligncenter\" title=\"Fig 1 Edwin with the Huge Telescope\" src=\"https:\/\/ci4.googleusercontent.com\/proxy\/Y4Jis-bOVjPRzjYVUe78N3b_a6__TsG794WxXHLP2d4QKCcuIWitiAfXkZOWOP-Z3miLCGItrjJ8X7BSZbqOw3YPHz0p-GAU6Lf9utd-8WgRaDphJfVAWRko0vbX-7Tx-mSlLHnSqnZhajwZ6lJXdRvd7iY=s0-d-e1-ft#https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/fig-1-edwin-with-the-huge-telescope.jpg?w=584\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0b8e\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0bb9\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0b85\u0bb5\u0bb0\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0b95\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0baf, \u0bae\u0bbe\u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bcb\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0b95\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd [Mount Wilson\u00a0 Observatory] 100 \u0b85\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0bb2 \u0ba4\u0bca\u0bb2\u0bc8 \u0ba8\u0bcb\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bc8 \u0bae\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0bae\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b87\u0baf\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf \u0bb5\u0bbe\u0ba9 \u0bae\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bb2\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc8\u0ba4\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0ba4\u0bc1\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0bb5\u0bbf \u0bb5\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f \u0bae\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1, \u0b85\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0baf \u0baa\u0bb2 \u0b95\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1 \u0baa\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bc8 \u0bb5\u0bc6\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bb5\u0bb0\u0bcd! \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0baa\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0baa\u0bc7\u0bb0\u0bb3\u0bb5\u0bc1, \u0b95\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bae\u0bc8\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1, \u0baa\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbe\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0b86\u0b95\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bb5\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0b85\u0bb1\u0bbf\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4 \u0bae\u0bbe\u0bb1\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bc8\u00a0 \u0b89\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bbe\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd! \u0bae\u0bbe\u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0bb5\u0bc1 \u0b95\u0bca\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f \u0b95\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd [Galaxies] \u2018\u0ba4\u0bc0\u0bb5\u0bc1 \u0b85\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd \u2018 [Island\u00a0 Universes] \u0b8e\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1 \u0bb9\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0b86\u0baf\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bc2\u0bb1\u0bbf\u0ba9! \u0bae\u0bc7\u0bb2\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0bb9\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bb2 \u0b95\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0bb5\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0bb5\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bc8 \u0ba8\u0bcb\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf, \u0b85\u0bb5\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u2018\u0b87\u0ba9\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0b95\u0bc1\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1 \u0b8f\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbe\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc8 \u2018 [Classification System for the\u00a0 Galaxies] \u0bb5\u0b95\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd. \u0b85\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4 \u0b8f\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbe\u0b9f\u0bc1 \u0b87\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bcb\u0ba4\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b92\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bc8\u0baf\u0bbe\u0bb3\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0ba4\u0bc1! \u0b85\u0bb5\u0bb0\u0ba4\u0bc1\u00a0 \u0b89\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0ba9\u0ba4 \u0b86\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bae\u0bcd, \u0b95\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bc2\u0bb0\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd, \u0b85\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bbf \u0ba8\u0b95\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bc7\u0b95\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b89\u0bb3\u0bcd\u0bb3\u00a0 \u0b93\u0bb0\u0bcd \u0b89\u0b9f\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbe\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc8 1929 \u0b87\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b95\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1 \u0baa\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0ba4\u0bc1. \u0b85\u0ba4\u0bbe\u0bb5\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0b95\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bc7\u0b95\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b85\u0bb5\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0ba4\u0bc2\u0bb0\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1 \u0ba8\u0bc7\u0bb0\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b89\u0bb3\u0bcd\u0bb3\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0b8e\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1 \u0b85\u0bb1\u0bbf\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd! \u0b95\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bc7\u0b95\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd,\u00a0 \u0ba4\u0bc2\u0bb0\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b89\u0bb3\u0bcd\u0bb3 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bae\u0bcd [\u0bb5\u0bc7\u0b95\u0bae\u0bcd\/\u0ba4\u0bc2\u0bb0\u0bae\u0bcd] \u2018\u0bb9\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bc8 \u0b87\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bae\u0bcd \u2018 [Hubble Constant]\u00a0 \u0b8e\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bb2\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bc1\u0bb1\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0ba4\u0bc1!<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/fig-1j-wmap-probe.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?hl=en&amp;q=https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/fig-1j-wmap-probe.jpg&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1485751845420000&amp;usg=AFQjCNHSAySUjxoBrRWlFmsdcqemAytpAg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"m_-4780561093325932569gmail- m_-4780561093325932569gmail-size-full m_-4780561093325932569gmail-wp-image-5613 CToWUd aligncenter\" title=\"Fig 1J WMAP Probe\" src=\"https:\/\/ci5.googleusercontent.com\/proxy\/7Y53EkrzFvrHB_PnqJLkmb4akS7pSoOCaCRbhFugl-371xN_rrtoh6mF1CLzcF34IDjzGb0tVgjVyqnLTj1nsGxEbw3sKg2svM_34pblz5i3BXnoo4xEIHNUwQScrD2TU2o=s0-d-e1-ft#https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/fig-1j-wmap-probe.jpg?w=584\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a><br \/>\n<strong>\u0b8e\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0bb9\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbe\u0bb4\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc8 \u0bb5\u0bb0\u0bb2\u0bbe\u0bb1\u0bc1<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1889 \u0b86\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b86\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1 \u0ba8\u0bb5\u0bae\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bb0\u0bcd 20 \u0b86\u0bae\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bc7\u0ba4\u0bbf \u0b85\u0bae\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbe\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b8e\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0bb9\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0bae\u0bbf\u0bb8\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bca\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd. \u0ba4\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc8\u0baf\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd \u0b9c\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0bb9\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0bae\u0bbf\u0bb8\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bca\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bc8\u0b9a\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bc7\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bb5\u0bb0\u0bcd.\u00a0 \u0ba4\u0bbe\u0baf\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0b9c\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbe \u0ba8\u0bc6\u0bb5\u0bbe\u0b9f\u0bbe\u0bb5\u0bc8\u0b9a\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bc7\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bb5\u0bb0\u0bcd. \u0b85\u0bb5\u0bb0\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0b95\u0bc1\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd\u0baa\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd 1898 \u0b87\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bbe\u0b95\u0bcb\u00a0 \u0ba8\u0b95\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bc1\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bc7\u0bb1\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bb0\u0bcd. \u0b85\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc7 \u0b9a\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0bc1\u0bb5\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0bb9\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0b89\u0baf\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0ba8\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bc8\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bb3\u0bcd\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bb2\u0bbe\u0bae\u0bb2\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0b9a\u0bbe\u0ba4\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0ba3 \u0bae\u0bbe\u0ba3\u0bb5\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bcb\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0baa\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0bcd. \u0b86\u0ba9\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b89\u0b9f\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bcb\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bc0\u0bb0\u0ba9\u0bbe\u0b95\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bb0\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0b8e\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0bcd! \u0b9a\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0baf\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b9c\u0bc2\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0ba9\u0bcd [Jules Verne], \u0bb0\u0bc8\u0b9f\u0bb0\u0bcd \u0bb9\u0bbe\u0b95\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1 [Rider Haggaard]\u00a0 \u0b86\u0b95\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bcb\u0bb0\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bbe\u0bb5\u0bb2\u0bcd, \u0bae\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0bb8\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0bae\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bc1\u0bb0\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd [Solomon \u2018s Mines] \u0baa\u0bcb\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1 \u0ba8\u0bc2\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bc8\u0baa\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0baa\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0bcd. \u0ba4\u0bbe\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbe\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0b9f\u0bbf \u0baa\u0ba9\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bc6\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bbe\u0bae\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0baf\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0bb5\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bbe\u0baf\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bcb\u0bb3\u0bc8\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bbf\u00a0 \u0bb9\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0b8e\u0bb4\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0baf \u0b93\u0bb0\u0bcd \u0b85\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0baf \u0b95\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0bb0\u0bc8\u0baf\u0bc8 \u0bb8\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b83\u0baa\u0bc0\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1 \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbe\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bc6\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0ba4\u0bc1!\u00a0 \u0b85\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0b89\u0ba4\u0bb5\u0bbf \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bbf \u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1 \u0b9a\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bbe\u0b95\u0bcb \u0baa\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb2\u0bc8\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bb4\u0b95\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bc7\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1 1910 \u0b87\u0bb2\u0bcd B.S.\u00a0 \u0baa\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc8\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd.<\/p>\n<p>\u0b95\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bbf \u0bae\u0bc7\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bae\u0bc8\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0baf \u0bb0\u0bcb\u0b9f\u0bc6\u0bb8\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bae\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0bae\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1 [Rhodes Scholarship] \u0b86\u0b95\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bcd\u0b83\u0baa\u0bcb\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1\u00a0 \u0baa\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb2\u0bc8\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bb4\u0b95\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0bb0\u0bbe\u0ba3\u0bbf \u0b95\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bb2\u0bc2\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0bae\u0bc7\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0baa\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1 \u0baa\u0baf\u0bbf\u0bb2, \u0b85\u0bb5\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1 \u0b93\u0bb0\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbe\u0baf\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0bc8\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0ba4\u0bc1! \u0bb9\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0b87\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bbe\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0b9a\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd. \u0b85\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc7 \u0b9a\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc8 \u0bae\u0bc1\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1, \u0b85\u0bae\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbe\u0bb5\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1 1913 \u0b87\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0bae\u0bc0\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd. \u0b85\u0bae\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbe\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0bb9\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0ba9\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b85\u0bb1\u0bbf\u0bb5\u0bc8 \u0bb5\u0bb3\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bbf \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bcd\u0baf \u0b85\u0ba8\u0bc7\u0b95 \u0bb5\u0bbe\u0baf\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0bc8\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0ba9.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/fig-2-hubbles-tuning-forkdiagram.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?hl=en&amp;q=https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/fig-2-hubbles-tuning-forkdiagram.jpg&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1485751845420000&amp;usg=AFQjCNGtIMSCuIYYhjffsHNFvSEwNzbF-g\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"m_-4780561093325932569gmail- m_-4780561093325932569gmail-size-full m_-4780561093325932569gmail-wp-image-5594 CToWUd aligncenter\" title=\"Fig 2 Hubble's Tuning ForkDiagram\" src=\"https:\/\/ci4.googleusercontent.com\/proxy\/xYP19FiB-ZLEk15bd_j5Ekij0mDxymSa6e-CkTfWKoe3ZDzipcYTpE6uMzAWjgByb7FFxJiN2L6QNcAdd-R1yFVc0CYBl-ymcGVqV5g2n_f9vNt1_jHDZUFDBzSqdH2ovTKKAFaMxCwZ6h0HrlZhujk=s0-d-e1-ft#https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/fig-2-hubbles-tuning-forkdiagram.jpg?w=584\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0bae\u0bb1\u0bc1\u0baa\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bbe\u0b95\u0bcb\u00a0 \u0baa\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb2\u0bc8\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bb4\u0b95\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bc7\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1, \u0bb5\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9e\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0bae\u0bcd \u0baa\u0baf\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1 1917 \u0b87\u0bb2\u0bcd Ph.D. \u0baa\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bae\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd! 1917-1919 \u0b87\u0bb0\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bbe\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0bae\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b89\u0bb2\u0b95 \u0baf\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0baa\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc6\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4 \u0baa\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1,\u00a0 \u0b85\u0bae\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95 \u0bb5\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bb2\u0bc1\u0ba8\u0bb0\u0bcd \u0b9c\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0b9c\u0bcd \u0bb9\u0bc7\u0bb2\u0bcd [George Hale (1868-1938)] \u0bb5\u0bc7\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1 \u0b95\u0bcb\u0bb3\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u00a0 \u0b87\u0ba3\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bbe\u0bb8\u0b9f\u0bc7\u0ba9\u0bbe, \u0b95\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0bbf\u0b83\u0baa\u0bcb\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0ba9\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbe\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b89\u0bb3\u0bcd\u0bb3 [Pasadena, California] \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bb0\u00a0 \u0ba8\u0bcb\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0b95\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd [Mount Wilson Observatory] \u0b86\u0bb0\u0bbe\u0baf\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bbf \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bcd\u0baf \u0ba8\u0bc1\u0bb4\u0bc8\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd!<\/p>\n<p>1970 \u0b86\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b86\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0ba9\u0bcd &amp; \u0baa\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bae\u0bb0\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bcb\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0b95\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd [Mount Wilson &amp; Mount Palmer\u00a0 Observatories], \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9e\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0bbf \u0bb9\u0bc7\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bc8\u0bb5\u0bbe\u0b95 \u2018\u0bb9\u0bc7\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bcb\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0b95\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd \u2018 [Hale Observatories] \u0b8e\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1\u00a0 \u0baa\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bb0\u0bcd \u0bae\u0bbe\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b86\u0baf\u0bbf\u0ba9! \u0b89\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0baf \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bc6\u0bb3\u0bbf \u0ba8\u0bcb\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0bbf\u0b83\u0baa\u0bcb\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0ba9\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbe\u00a0 \u0bb9\u0bc7\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bcb\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0b95\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b92\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1! 1919 \u0b87\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b85\u0bae\u0bc8\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f \u0bae\u0bbe\u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd 100 \u0b85\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0bb2 \u0baa\u0bc2\u0ba4\u0ba4\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0ba4\u0bca\u0bb2\u0bc8 \u0ba8\u0bcb\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bc8 \u0bb9\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0b87\u0baf\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf\u0baf\u0ba4\u0bcb\u0b9f\u0bc1, \u0b85\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1 200 \u0b85\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0bb2\u0ba4\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bca\u0bb2\u0bc8\u00a0 \u0ba8\u0bcb\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0b9f\u0bbf\u0b9a\u0bc8\u0ba9\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b89\u0ba4\u0bb5\u0bbf \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd! \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0bc1\u0bb5\u0ba9\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b86\u0ba9 \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0b95\u0bc1, \u0b85\u0ba4\u0bc8\u0baf\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0b87\u0bb1\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0ba4\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1 \u0bae\u0bc1\u0ba9\u0bcd [1953] \u0b89\u0baa\u0baf\u0bcb\u0b95\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0b86\u0baf\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd! 1973 \u0b86\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bb0\u0bc8 \u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bbe\u0baf\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0b95\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f 200 \u0b85\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0bb2 \u0ba4\u0bca\u0bb2\u0bc8 \u0ba8\u0bcb\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf \u0b87\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4 \u0b87\u0b9f\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd, \u0b87\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bcb\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0bae\u0bbf\u0b95\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0baf 400\u00a0 \u0b85\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0bb2 \u0ba4\u0bca\u0bb2\u0bc8 \u0ba8\u0bcb\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf \u0b92\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1 \u0b85\u0bae\u0bc8\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0bb3\u0bcd\u0bb3\u0ba4\u0bc1!<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/fig-1h-andromeda-nebula.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?hl=en&amp;q=https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/fig-1h-andromeda-nebula.jpg&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1485751845420000&amp;usg=AFQjCNFTFoK8wZaBXNcdK0aBz8nrwkRiOg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"m_-4780561093325932569gmail- m_-4780561093325932569gmail-size-full m_-4780561093325932569gmail-wp-image-5595 CToWUd aligncenter\" title=\"Fig 1H Andromeda Nebula\" src=\"https:\/\/ci5.googleusercontent.com\/proxy\/RnL8LSSO0QYnjF-ajJpkdVDAo5JLF1RuLMBdzeHj4n4g8T4Dsj6IH87Hz_gbGTD5s8BG4sOcsOKK_R8iH4Ecp6YKCu98jHJHVcUVyB3Wdy8POLO2beqXov03lnBoj8bzoO8IgOikZd8=s0-d-e1-ft#https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/fig-1h-andromeda-nebula.jpg?w=584\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>1924 \u0b87\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b8e\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0bb9\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bc7\u0bb8\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bcd [Grace Burke] \u0b8e\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0ba9\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0bae\u0bbe\u0ba4\u0bc8 \u0baa\u0bbe\u0bb8\u0b9f\u0bc7\u0ba9\u0bbe\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0bae\u0ba3\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0b95\u0bca\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd. \u0b87\u0bb0\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1 \u0b89\u0bb2\u0b95 \u0baf\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0baa\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc6\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0b87\u0b9f\u0bc8\u0baf\u0bc7 30 \u0b86\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0b85\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f \u0bb5\u0bc6\u0bb3\u0bbf \u0b86\u0bb0\u0bbe\u0baf\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1, \u0bb9\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bcd 1953 \u0b86\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1 \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0baa\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bae\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bb0\u0bcd 28 \u0b86\u0bae\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bc7\u0ba4\u0bbf\u00a0 \u0bae\u0bc2\u0bb3\u0bc8 \u0b89\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0ba4\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0b9f\u0bc8\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1 [Cerebral Thrombosis] \u0baa\u0bbe\u0bb8\u0b9f\u0bc6\u0ba9\u0bbe\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0bae\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0baa\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9a \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0bb5\u0bc1 \u0baa\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bbf \u0b90\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc8\u0ba9\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd, \u0b8e\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0bb9\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1915 \u0b86\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b86\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b92\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0baf\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bc8 \u0b86\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf\u0baf \u0b86\u0bb0\u0bae\u0bcd\u0baa \u0b9a\u0bae\u0baf\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b90\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc8\u0ba9\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0baa\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bae\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bc8\u0baf\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0b8e\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1 \u0ba8\u0bae\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd! \u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bc6\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1 \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0baf\u0ba4\u0bbf \u0bb5\u0bc6\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbe\u0b95\u0bbf, \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0baa\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bae\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0b9a\u0bcb\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bbf\u0bb4\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bcb\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b89\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0b8e\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0ba9\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc8 \u0bae\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bb2\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b90\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc8\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0b92\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0b95\u0bca\u0bb3\u0bcd\u0bb3\u0ba4\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0baf\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd! \u0b85\u0bb5\u0bb0\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0baa\u0bca\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0b92\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0baf\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bb3\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bae\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbe\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0ba4\u0bc0\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bc6\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1 \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0baf\u0ba4\u0bbf \u0ba4\u0bcb\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1 \u0b93\u0bb0\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bc2\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bae\u0bc8\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1 [Framework] \u0b89\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0bb5\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0ba4\u0bc1.\u00a0 \u0b86\u0ba9\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bb2 \u0b86\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0b87\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b92\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0baf\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bb2 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bb0\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0bae\u0bbe\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0baa\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0baa\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0ba9! \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0baf\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0b9a\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bae\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbe\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0baa\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bae\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0ba4\u0bbe \u0b85\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bb2\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0b9a\u0bc1\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0ba4\u0bbe\u00a0 \u0b8e\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0baa\u0ba4\u0bc8 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95 \u0bb5\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4 \u0b87\u0b9f\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd, \u0b90\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc8\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0b93\u0bb0\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bc8 \u0baf\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc8\u0b9a\u0bcd [Constant]\u00a0 \u0b9a\u0bc7\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0ba4\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0bcd, \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0bb5\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bc1\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bae\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bb4\u0bbf\u0bb5\u0bc1 \u0baa\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bcb\u0baf\u0bbf\u0ba9! \u0baa\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0ba9\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0baa\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bae\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0ba4\u0bc1\u00a0 \u0b8e\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1 \u0b95\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0b89\u0bb1\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbe\u0ba9 \u0baa\u0bcb\u0ba4\u0bc1, \u0b85\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb2 \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bc8 \u0baf\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc8\u0b9a\u0bcd [Cosmological Contant]\u00a0 \u0b87\u0b9f\u0bc8\u0baf\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bc1\u0bb4\u0bc8\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0ba4\u0bc1, \u2018\u0ba4\u0ba9\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0bae\u0bbe\u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bb5\u0bb1\u0bc1 \u2018 \u0b8e\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1 \u0b86\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bcd \u0b90\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc8\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0b92\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0b95\u0bca\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd!<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.vallamai.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/aj-3.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-74776\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-74776\" src=\"http:\/\/www.vallamai.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/aj-3.jpg\" alt=\"aj\" width=\"530\" height=\"1019\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vallamai.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/aj-3.jpg 530w, https:\/\/www.vallamai.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/aj-3-156x300.jpg 156w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 530px) 100vw, 530px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>1924 \u0b87\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0baa\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bae\u0bcd\u0bae\u0bbe\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bae\u0bcd, \u0b85\u0ba4\u0ba9\u0bc1\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0b8a\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bb2\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b8e\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0ba3\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1\u00a0 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0bae\u0bc0\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd, \u0b95\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0b86\u0b95\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bb5\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc8\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bbf\u0baf \u0baa\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0baf \u0b95\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bb2 \u0b8e\u0bb4\u0bc1\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0ba9!\u00a0 \u0b85\u0bae\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95 \u0bb5\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bb2\u0bc1\u0ba8\u0bb0\u0bcd \u0bae\u0bc6\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0bb8\u0bcd\u0bb2\u0bbf\u0b83\u0baa\u0bb0\u0bcd [Melvin Slipher], \u0b8e\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0bb9\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bcd [Edwin\u00a0 Hubble], \u0bae\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0bb9\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bbe\u0bb8\u0ba9\u0bcd [Milton Humason] \u0bae\u0bc2\u0bb5\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b85\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc8\u0baf\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bae\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bae\u0baf \u0bb5\u0bc0\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0b87\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0ba4\u0bbe\u0b95 \u0b8e\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0ba3\u0bbf \u0baf\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4 \u0b9a\u0bbf\u0bb2 \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bc1\u0bb3\u0bbe\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd, \u0bae\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bcd\u0baf\u0bbe\u0b95\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0baa\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bb2 \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bb2\u0bbf\u0baf\u0ba9\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0bae\u0bc8\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1 \u0b85\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b89\u0bb3\u0bcd\u0bb3\u0ba4\u0bbe\u0b95\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd! \u0b85\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0b9a\u0bcb\u0ba9\u0bbe \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bbe\u0b95\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bbe\u0b83\u0baa\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bcb\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0b95\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd\u00a0 [Flagstaff Observatory, Arizona] \u0bb8\u0bcd\u0bb2\u0bbf\u0b83\u0baa\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd, \u0bb9\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bcd, \u0bb9\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bbe\u0bb8\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0b87\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0bb5\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0bbf\u0b83\u0baa\u0bcb\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0ba9\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbe\u00a0 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bb0 \u0ba8\u0bcb\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0b95\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd [Mount Wilson Observatory, CA] \u0baa\u0ba3\u0bbf \u0baa\u0bc1\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0ba9\u0bb0\u0bcd. \u0b85\u0ba4\u0bbf\u00a0 \u0bb5\u0bc7\u0b95\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bc2\u0bae\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bc8 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1 \u0b85\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bc6\u0b95\u0bc1 \u0ba4\u0bca\u0bb2\u0bc8\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bbf\u0b9a\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0ba4\u0bc8 \u0ba8\u0bcb\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf, \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0baa\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bae\u0bcd\u0bae\u0bbe\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bc7\u0bb0\u0bb3\u0bb5\u0bc8\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0baf\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0ba9\u0bb0\u0bcd! \u0b9f\u0bbe\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bb0\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bc8\u0bb5\u0bc8\u0baa\u0bcd [Doppler Effect] \u0baa\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0b92\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0ba8\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc8\u0baf\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba8\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0baa\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0baa\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bbf [Red-Shift end of Spectrum] \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0bae\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0bae\u0bc1\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0bb5\u0ba4\u0bc8\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1, \u0b85\u0bb5\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0b85\u0ba4\u0bbf\u00a0 \u0bb5\u0bc7\u0b95\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc8\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0baf\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0ba9\u0bb0\u0bcd!<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/fig-5-expanding-galaxies.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?hl=en&amp;q=https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/fig-5-expanding-galaxies.jpg&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1485751845420000&amp;usg=AFQjCNFiP1IGXHTiqyfThPgDodXcnDuM7Q\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"m_-4780561093325932569gmail- m_-4780561093325932569gmail-size-full m_-4780561093325932569gmail-wp-image-5597 CToWUd aligncenter\" title=\"Fig 5 Expanding Galaxies\" src=\"https:\/\/ci5.googleusercontent.com\/proxy\/49WmCiBs-ryhLKIKYfNViK7qdjRuPXXBY37yA4imlVZxjNq2Cys-Wb6Kx2WqU8zY6y57G6RVyx_4LC4DjtRUEj8R5kKcL0XMf6mCOWOV-z33oXI68hgb_nHwTRsIpBqzY-7M1d4iI-Of=s0-d-e1-ft#https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/fig-5-expanding-galaxies.jpg?w=584\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0bb9\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0b90\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc8\u0ba9\u0bc1\u0b9f\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bc7\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0baa\u0ba3\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbe\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bbf, \u0b85\u0bb5\u0bb0\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0baa\u0bca\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0b92\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0baf\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0b9a\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0b9a\u0bae\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbe\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd [Equations in General Theory of Relativity] \u0b9a\u0bbf\u0bb2 \u0bae\u0bbe\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bcd\u0baf \u0b89\u0ba4\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd!\u00a0 1929 \u0b87\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0bb9\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bbf [Hubble \u2018s Law] \u0bb5\u0bc6\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0ba4\u0bc1: \u2018\u0b95\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bae\u0bcd\u0bae\u0bc8 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1,\u00a0 \u0ba4\u0bae\u0bcd\u0bae\u0bc1\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0b92\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc8 \u0b92\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bbf \u0b85\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b87\u0b9f\u0bc8\u0ba4\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bc2\u0bb0\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1 \u0b8f\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0baa \u0ba8\u0bc7\u0bb0\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0bae\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bc1\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bc7\u0b95\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0ba9 \u2018 \u0b8e\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0baa\u0ba4\u0bc7 \u0bb9\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bbf! 1929 \u0b87\u0bb2\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0bb9\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0bae\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f \u0b95\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bc7\u0b95\u0bae\u0bcd, \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bbe\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1 45 \u0bae\u0bc8\u0bb2\u0bcd [162,000 mph]!<\/p>\n<p>\u0b90\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc8\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0bb9\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bc2\u0bb1\u0bbf\u0baf \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0baa\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bc8 \u0b92\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bca\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd! 1931\u00a0 \u0b87\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0bbf\u0b83\u0baa\u0bcb\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0ba9\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbe \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bcb\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0b95\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b90\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc8\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0bae\u0bc2\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1 \u0b86\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0bb9\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bc1\u0b9f\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0baa\u0ba3\u0bbf \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1, \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0baa\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9a \u0b85\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bc8 \u0ba8\u0bc7\u0bb0\u0bbe\u0b95\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1, \u0b85\u0bb5\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0b9f\u0ba9\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb5\u0bbe\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0b92\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bae\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbe\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bc8\u0ba4\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd! \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0b95\u0bc1 \u0b90\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc8\u0ba9\u0bcd,\u00a0 \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0bae\u0bc7\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0ba8\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bc8\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb3\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0b95 \u0b95\u0bc2\u0b9f\u0baa\u0bcd [Princeton Institute of Advanced Studies, New Jersey]\u00a0 \u0baa\u0ba4\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bc8 \u0b8f\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bca\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1 \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bc2 \u0b9c\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0b9a\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd!<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/fig-6-doppler-effect.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?hl=en&amp;q=https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/fig-6-doppler-effect.jpg&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1485751845420000&amp;usg=AFQjCNH9I2wqYHECsFuOdYWMvaW6H0z3Qw\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"m_-4780561093325932569gmail- m_-4780561093325932569gmail-size-full m_-4780561093325932569gmail-wp-image-5598 CToWUd aligncenter\" title=\"Fig 6 Doppler Effect\" src=\"https:\/\/ci5.googleusercontent.com\/proxy\/QLvvzwyTrMfKXjWKrJKIUOsMrOoDAQQ-MlW-EwATgiJLWmFdBri8OJdAOO9NW54d8PbdAyHPuXM1hDCCsjDfKrdPhgm2LQEt09vSKh1pqNUz6nbA9MaVYjFwW-0k8oBGU4vjYgw=s0-d-e1-ft#https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/fig-6-doppler-effect.jpg?w=584\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0bb9\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0b95\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0baa\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4 \u0b85\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bb5\u0bc6\u0bb3\u0bbf \u0bae\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbe\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1920 \u0b86\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bc1\u0bb5\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0bb9\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0baf\u0bbe\u0bb5\u0bc8 \u0b8e\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1 \u0b86\u0baf\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd.\u00a0 \u0b9a\u0bbf\u0bb2 \u0b9a\u0bc1\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bc1\u0bb3\u0bbe\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd [Spiral Nepulae] \u0ba4\u0bae\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0bb3\u0bcd\u0bb3\u0bc7 \u0ba4\u0ba9\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0ba9\u0bbf \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0bae\u0bc0\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bc8\u0b95\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0b95\u0bca\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0ba4\u0bbe\u0b95 \u0b8e\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0ba3\u0bbf\u0baf \u0b95\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1, \u0b89\u0bb1\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0b9f\u0bbe\u0bae\u0bb2\u0bc7 \u0b87\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0ba4\u0bc1! \u0b85\u0bb5\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0bae\u0bc0\u0ba9\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0b95\u0bc2\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bae\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bae\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0b95\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bc8\u0b9a\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bc7\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0ba4\u0bbe \u0b85\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bb2\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0ba4\u0ba9\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f \u2018\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0baa\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0ba4\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bc0\u0bb5\u0bc8\u0b9a\u0bcd\u2019 [Island\u00a0 of Universe] \u0b9a\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0ba4\u0bbe \u0bb5\u0bc6\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1 \u0b90\u0baf\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b8e\u0bb4\u0bc1\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0ba4\u0bc1! 1924 \u0b87\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0bb9\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bcd 100 \u0b85\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0bb2\u00a0 \u0ba4\u0bca\u0bb2\u0bc8\u0ba8\u0bcb\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf \u0bae\u0bc2\u0bb2\u0bae\u0bcd \u2018\u0b86\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb0\u0bcb\u0bae\u0bc7\u0b9f\u0bbe \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bc1\u0bb3\u0bbe\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u2018 [Andromeda Nebula] \u0ba4\u0bc2\u0bb0\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc8 \u0b85\u0bb3\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1,\u00a0 \u0b85\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0ba8\u0bae\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1 \u0b85\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b89\u0bb3\u0bcd\u0bb3 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0bae\u0bc0\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bc2\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b85\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bc2\u0bb1\u0bbe\u0baf\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bae\u0bcd \u0bae\u0b9f\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u00a0 \u0ba4\u0bca\u0bb2\u0bc8\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b87\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0ba4\u0bbe\u0b95\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bbe\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd! \u0ba8\u0bae\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0baa\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bae\u0baf \u0bb5\u0bc0\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1 [Milky Way] \u0b92\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbe\u0ba9\u00a0 \u0bb5\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd, \u0b86\u0ba9\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b85\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bc6\u0b95\u0bc1 \u0ba4\u0bc2\u0bb0\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b89\u0bb3\u0bcd\u0bb3 \u0b93\u0bb0\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0ba9\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bbf [Separate Galaxy]\u00a0 \u0b8e\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bc2\u0bb1\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd!<\/p>\n<p>\u0bb9\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0bae\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bbf\u0bb2 \u0b95\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0bbe\u0b95\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bc2\u0bb0\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bc8 \u0b85\u0bb3\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1, \u0b85\u0bb5\u0bc8 \u0bb5\u0bc6\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0ba4\u0bc6\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0bb5\u0bbe\u0ba9 \u0b92\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bc8 \u0b86\u0baf\u0bcd\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0b85\u0bb5\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bc2\u0bb0\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc8\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bbe\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bca\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0b85\u0bb3\u0bb5\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bcb\u0bb2\u0bbe\u0b95\u00a0 \u0b8e\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bca\u0bb3\u0bcd\u0bb3\u0bb2\u0bbe\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b8e\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1 \u0b95\u0bc1\u0bb1\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd! \u0b92\u0bb0\u0bc1 \u0b95\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0bbe\u0b95\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bbf \u0ba8\u0bae\u0bcd\u0bae\u0bc8 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0baa\u0bcb\u0b95\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bc7\u0b95\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc8\u0baf\u0bcb, \u0b85\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bb2\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0b85\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0ba8\u0bae\u0bcd\u0bae\u0bc8 \u0ba8\u0bcb\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf \u0b85\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bbf \u0bb5\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bc7\u0b95\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc8\u0baf\u0bcb, \u0b85\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bc0\u0b9a\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u2018\u0b92\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0b9f\u0bbe\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bb0\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bbf\u2019 [Doppler Shift of Light] \u0bae\u0bc2\u0bb2\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b85\u0bb3\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0bae\u0bbf\u0b95 \u0b8e\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0b8e\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1 \u0b95\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/fig-7-spiral-galaxy.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?hl=en&amp;q=https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/fig-7-spiral-galaxy.jpg&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1485751845420000&amp;usg=AFQjCNGsjmDMtC89j-1xUgmBlXgi9KCzsQ\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"m_-4780561093325932569gmail- m_-4780561093325932569gmail-size-full m_-4780561093325932569gmail-wp-image-5599 CToWUd aligncenter\" title=\"Fig 7 Spiral Galaxy\" src=\"https:\/\/ci6.googleusercontent.com\/proxy\/wEXYZrh0LEbvR8UhzzkWlWKk5qlp0NjXwHPKm-GJD-TZEUSWQATFX3FIsz9Zp66fiQwtJHVfkYh93lq1trYeEsD-gvP9kgV-IfOxmYfT4KHVW-4wskoHH3844qh0JnbHyvzVBg=s0-d-e1-ft#https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/fig-7-spiral-galaxy.jpg?w=584\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0b92\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0bb5\u0bb0\u0bcd \u0bb0\u0baf\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bb5\u0bbe\u0bb3\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0b9f\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1\u0baa\u0bcd [Railway Crossing] \u0baa\u0bbe\u0ba4\u0bc8\u0baf\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1\u00a0 \u0bb0\u0baf\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b8a\u0ba4\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0b9a\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bc8\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bc7\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b9f\u0bbe\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bb0\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bc8\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bc1\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0b95\u0bca\u0bb3\u0bcd\u0bb3\u0bb2\u0bbe\u0bae\u0bcd! \u0bb0\u0baf\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0b95\u0b9f\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bbe\u0baf\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bc8 \u0ba8\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bcb\u0ba4\u0bc1, \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0b9a\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0b93\u0b9a\u0bc8 \u0bae\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bc1\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0b95\u0bca\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc7 \u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0ba4\u0bc1!\u00a0 \u0bb0\u0baf\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b95\u0b9f\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bbe\u0baf\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bc8\u0ba4\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bbe\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bb5\u0bc1\u0b9f\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0b9a\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0b93\u0b9a\u0bc8 \u0b95\u0bc1\u0bb1\u0bc8\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0b95\u0bca\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc7 \u0ba4\u0ba3\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0ba4\u0bc1!\u00a0 \u0b87\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba8\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bb4\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bbf \u0ba4\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0bcd \u2018\u0b9f\u0bbe\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bb0\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bc8\u0bb5\u0bc1 \u2018 [Doppler Effect] \u0b8e\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1 \u0b95\u0bc2\u0bb1\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0ba4\u0bc1. \u0b92\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0b9a\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0b9a\u0b95\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd, \u0b92\u0bb2\u0bbf\u0b9a\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0b95\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf \u0baa\u0bcb\u0bb2\u0bb5\u0bc7 \u0ba8\u0b9f\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0b95\u0bca\u0bb3\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0ba4\u0bc1! \u0ba4\u0bbe\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0b9a\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bb2\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0bb0\u0baf\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0b9a\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bc8\u0baa\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0baa\u0bcb\u0bb2, \u0ba8\u0bae\u0bcd\u0bae\u0bc8\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0b9f\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bb2\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0b92\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0ba8\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc8\u0baf\u0bc8 [Light Spectrum]\u00a0 \u0ba8\u0bcb\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba8\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0bae\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bc8\u0baf\u0bbe\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0ba4\u0bc1! \u0ba8\u0bae\u0bcd\u0bae\u0bc8 \u0ba8\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf \u0bb5\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0b92\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0ba8\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0baa\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0baa\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc8\u0baf\u0bc8 \u0ba8\u0bcb\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b8e\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0bae\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbe\u0ba9 \u0ba8\u0bc0\u0bb2 \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0bae\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bc8\u0baf\u0bbe\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0ba4\u0bc1! \u0bae\u0bc7\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc2\u0bb1\u0bbf\u0baf\u00a0 \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba8\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bae\u0bcd \u2018\u0b9a\u0bc6\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba8\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bbf \u2018 [Redshift] \u0b8e\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1 \u0b95\u0bc1\u0bb1\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0ba4\u0bc1! \u0bb9\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0ba8\u0bc1\u0ba3\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bae\u0bbe\u0ba9 \u0b92\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc8 \u0bb5\u0bb0\u0bc8\u0bae\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bc8\u0baa\u0bcd [Sensitive Spectrograph] \u0baa\u0baf\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0baa\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf, \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bbf\u0b9a\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bb2\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bb2 \u0b95\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u2018\u0b9a\u0bc6\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba8\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bc8 \u2018 1929 \u0b86\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b86\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bc7\u0bae\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1\u00a0 \u0b93\u0bb0\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bb0\u0bc8\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0b9f\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bc1\u0bb1\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/fig-11-cobe-space-probe-2.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?hl=en&amp;q=https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/fig-11-cobe-space-probe-2.jpg&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1485751845420000&amp;usg=AFQjCNEKcEGI6bPB12lzT6K-pjtZ9t0ucg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"m_-4780561093325932569gmail- m_-4780561093325932569gmail-size-full m_-4780561093325932569gmail-wp-image-5614 CToWUd aligncenter\" title=\"Fig 11 COBE Space Probe -2\" src=\"https:\/\/ci4.googleusercontent.com\/proxy\/2vBu3YJIZvbt91e8aFipGwNeD6uUA8zsxF75OeP_vPczF5P1nSKVvV7lNBtPvZk_px_AJkObOau75nfC63EZ4izTx4o8d0SV3puuHB5HKCR6XXpUpQY79QsElB7PSKc_-hylSR73s5shtQ=s0-d-e1-ft#https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/fig-11-cobe-space-probe-2.jpg?w=584\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a><br \/>\n\u0bb9\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bc2\u0bb0\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc8\u0b95\u0bcd \u0bae\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f \u0b85\u0b9a\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd [X axis], \u0b85\u0bb5\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba8\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0baa\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0baa\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bc8 \u0ba8\u0bc7\u0bb0\u0bcd \u0b85\u0b9a\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd [Y axis] \u0b95\u0bc1\u0bb1\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bb0\u0bc8\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4 \u0baa\u0bcb\u0ba4\u0bc1, \u0b8e\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bbe\u0ba4 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bae\u0bbe\u0b95 \u0b92\u0bb0\u0bc1\u00a0 \u0ba8\u0bc7\u0bb0\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bcb\u0b9f\u0bc1 \u0b89\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0bb5\u0bbe\u0b95\u0bbf\u0baf\u0ba4\u0bc1! \u0b85\u0ba4\u0bbe\u0bb5\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0b95\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bc2\u0bb0\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd, \u0b85\u0bb5\u0bc8 \u0b85\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bbf\u0b9a\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bb2\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bc7\u0b95\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1 \u0ba8\u0bc7\u0bb0\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b89\u0bb3\u0bcd\u0bb3\u0ba9 [Redshifts or speeds of the Galaxies are\u00a0 directly proportional to their distances] \u0b8e\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc8\u0baf\u0bbe\u0ba9 \u0b93\u0bb0\u0bcd \u0b89\u0b9f\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bbe\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc8\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1 \u0baa\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd!\u00a0 \u0b95\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bc2\u0bb0\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd, \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bb2\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bc7\u0b95\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b89\u0bb3\u0bcd\u0bb3 \u0b87\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4 \u0b85\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0baf \u0b89\u0b9f\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bbe\u0b9f\u0bc7,\u00a0 \u2018\u0bb9\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bbf \u2018 [Hubble\u2019s Law] \u0b8e\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1 \u0b95\u0bc2\u0bb1\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0ba4\u0bc1. \u0b95\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba8\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0baa\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0baa\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bc8\u0b95\u0bcd [Red-Shift] \u0b95\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0bcd, \u0b85\u0bb5\u0bc8 \u0ba8\u0bae\u0bcd\u0bae\u0bc8 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1 \u0b85\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b8f\u0b95\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0ba9 \u0b8e\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0baa\u0ba4\u0bc1\u00a0 \u0b85\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bae\u0bcd!<\/p>\n<p>\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0baa\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b89\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bcb\u0ba4\u0bc1, \u0b95\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bae\u0bcd\u0bae\u0bc8 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bbf\u0b9a\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0ba9!\u00a0 \u0b85\u0ba4\u0bc8 \u0bb5\u0bc7\u0bb1\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bae\u0bbe\u0b95\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bc2\u0bb1\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0bcd, \u0b95\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bae\u0bcd\u0bae\u0bc8 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bbf\u0b9a\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0ba4\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0bcd, \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0baa\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b89\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0b8e\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0baa\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0ba4\u0bc6\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0bb5\u0bbe\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0ba4\u0bc1! \u0b85\u0ba4\u0bbe\u0bb5\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0baa\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bae\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bc8\u0baf\u0bbe\u0b95\u00a0 \u0bae\u0bc1\u0b9f\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b92\u0bb0\u0bc1 \u0b95\u0bc2\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1 \u0b8e\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1 \u0b95\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bc2\u0b9f\u0bbe\u0ba4\u0bc1! \u0b85\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0b9a\u0bcb\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bbf\u0bb4\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bcb\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b89\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0b95\u0bca\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc7 \u0baa\u0bcb\u0b95\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b92\u0bb0\u0bc1 \u0b95\u0bcb\u0bb3\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b8e\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1 \u0bb9\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bc2\u0baa\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0ba4\u0bc1! \u0baa\u0bca\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0b92\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bb2\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0baf\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1 [General Theory of Relativity] \u0b89\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0baa\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1, 1915 \u0b87\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b86\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bcd \u0b90\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc8\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0b86\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf\u0baf\u00a0 \u2018\u0b88\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0baf\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd\u2019 [Theory of Gravity] \u0ba4\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95 \u0bae\u0bc1\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbe\u0ba4 \u0bae\u0bc1\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0bb5\u0bc1, \u0b8e\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bb2\u0bbe \u0b95\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd,\u00a0 \u0bae\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0baa\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bae\u0bcd \u0bae\u0bc1\u0bb4\u0bc1\u0bb5\u0ba4\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bc7, \u0baa\u0bb2 \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bb2\u0bbf\u0baf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0b86\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1 \u0bae\u0bc1\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1 \u0ba4\u0bcb\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bbf\u0baf \u2018\u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bc1\u00a0 \u0bb5\u0bc6\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u2018 \u0b89\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0bb5\u0bc8 \u0b8e\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0baa\u0ba4\u0bc7!<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/fig-3-edwin-hubble-opens-the-window-to-cosmos.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?hl=en&amp;q=https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/fig-3-edwin-hubble-opens-the-window-to-cosmos.jpg&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1485751845420000&amp;usg=AFQjCNFDD94gWr-THqLFZogLNPpEZ3hm0g\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"m_-4780561093325932569gmail- m_-4780561093325932569gmail-size-full m_-4780561093325932569gmail-wp-image-5602 CToWUd aligncenter\" title=\"Fig 3 Edwin Hubble opens the window to cosmos\" src=\"https:\/\/ci6.googleusercontent.com\/proxy\/UwOUoHmr0KD_uVYnXH3r4Zv5yadS2I_wuro2G5Qk9rqF01Rr2xHOky02aFFKj9FxHVMqvm2jF_ADqUWCWs2YuTtcVC_sCmLx6_5ByaEuYFyIO9NErDMdQITWH0k_GnBvcI0_eIMcZ95AKyJoZ75T2NhhDc_udekm4-YkVSlA=s0-d-e1-ft#https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/fig-3-edwin-hubble-opens-the-window-to-cosmos.jpg?w=584\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0bb5\u0bc6\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1 \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0baf\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bc8 \u0bae\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9e\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bc6\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bcb\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbe\u0b9f\u0bc1 1917 \u0b87\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b90\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc8\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bca\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0b92\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0baf\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0b89\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0bb5\u0bbe\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf\u0baf \u0b92\u0bb0\u0bc1 \u0b95\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1! \u0b85\u0ba4\u0bc8 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bb5\u0bb0\u0bcd, \u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0b9c\u0bbf\u0baf \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9e\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0bbf \u0b9c\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0b9c\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0bb2\u0bc6\u0bae\u0bc8\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bb0\u0bcd [George Lemaitre], \u0bb9\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9e\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0bbf \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bb2\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bb0\u0bcd [Willem de Sitter], \u0bb0\u0bb7\u0bcd\u0baf\u00a0 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9e\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0bbf \u0b85\u0bb2\u0bc6\u0b95\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bbe\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bb0\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bc8\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0bcd [Alexander Friedmann]. \u0b85\u0bae\u0bcd\u0bae\u0bc2\u0bb5\u0bb0\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0b95\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0baa\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bae\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bcb\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1, \u0b8e\u0bb5\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bbe\u0bb1\u0bc1 \u0b92\u0bb4\u0bc1\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0b8e\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bc2\u0bb1\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bb5\u0bc7 \u0ba4\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb0,\u00a0 \u0b85\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0b86\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bc1\u0bb5\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc8\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bbf \u0b8e\u0ba4\u0bc1\u0bb5\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b86\u0bb0\u0bbe\u0baf\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bb2\u0bc8! 1940 \u0b87\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b9c\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0b9c \u0b95\u0bbe\u0bae\u0bbe\u0bb5\u0bcd\u00a0 [George Gamov] \u0b85\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0ba3\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bc8\u0b9a\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bcd\u0baf \u0ba4\u0ba9\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0bae\u0bbe\u0ba3\u0bb5\u0bb0\u0bcd \u0bb0\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0b83\u0baa\u0bcd \u0b86\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0b83\u0baa\u0bb0\u0bcd [Ralph Alpher], \u0bb0\u0bbe\u0baa\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0bb9\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0bae\u0ba9\u0bcd [Robert Herman] \u0b87\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0bb5\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0b9f\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bc2\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0bb4\u0bc8\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1, \u0b90\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc8\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bca\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0b92\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bb2\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0baf\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbe\u0b95 \u0b8e\u0bb4\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0baf \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bc8\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bc0\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bc8 \u0b8e\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bca\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1 \u0b85\u0bb5\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc8\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0ba9\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0b85\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd.<\/p>\n<p>\u0b85\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0b86\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0b83\u0baa\u0bb0\u0bcd, \u0bb9\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0bae\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0b87\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0bb5\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0ba9\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbe\u0b95\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bbe\u0bae\u0bbe\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bc8 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0bb5\u0bc1\u00a0 \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0ba9\u0bb0\u0bcd. \u0b85\u0ba4\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0baa\u0b9f\u0bbf \u0b95\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bc0\u0b9a\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0b9f\u0bb2\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd [Sea of Radiation] \u0b95\u0bca\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bc1\u0bb0\u0bcb\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0bcd,\u00a0 \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bc2\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0bb0\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0bcd, \u0b8e\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0bb0\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0bcd [Proton, Neutron, Electron] \u0b86\u0b95\u0bbf\u0baf \u0baa\u0bb0\u0bae\u0bbe\u0ba3\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bc8\u0b95\u0bcd [Subatomic Particles]\u00a0 \u0b95\u0bca\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f \u0b87\u0bb2\u0bc6\u0bae\u0bcd [Ylem] \u0b8e\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0ba9\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b86\u0ba4\u0bbf \u0b85\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bc8\u0baf\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1 [Primordial State of Matter] \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0baa\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bae\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0ba4\u0bc1!<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/fig-9-hubble-telescope-launch.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?hl=en&amp;q=https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/fig-9-hubble-telescope-launch.jpg&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1485751845420000&amp;usg=AFQjCNGdn7zoVn5Y-RQXx1nMJKgddw3iVg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"m_-4780561093325932569gmail- m_-4780561093325932569gmail-size-full m_-4780561093325932569gmail-wp-image-5603 CToWUd aligncenter\" title=\"Fig 9 Hubble Telescope Launch\" src=\"https:\/\/ci6.googleusercontent.com\/proxy\/o4FIYYnF-rFi5MVjtYShvmlRQ1WY2SOfFxlLgwBbBh-GlIy88Hj2glZRfvCAYNTPd2yBUJm1zEUvvWHlVIE7jGK-w50-sJaVmEQtkw1WFLCRcOAU95EofZuNYGhcTqiYnV4l3QMa4yRM4czQhnw=s0-d-e1-ft#https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/fig-9-hubble-telescope-launch.jpg?w=584\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0baa\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bae\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bc6\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bcb\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0bae\u0bbf\u0b95 \u0bae\u0bbf\u0b95\u0b9a\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bc2\u0b9f\u0bbe\u0ba9 \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bc8\u0baf\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0b87\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1, \u0baa\u0bb0\u0bae\u0bbe\u0ba3\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0b87\u0ba3\u0bc8\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0bb9\u0bc8\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0b9c\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0bae\u0bc2\u0bb2\u0b95\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc8 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0b9f \u0b95\u0ba9\u0bae\u0bbe\u0ba9 \u0bae\u0bc2\u0bb2\u0b95\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd\u00a0 [Heavier Elements] \u0bae\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bb2\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b89\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bbe\u0baf\u0bbf\u0ba9! \u0b95\u0bbe\u0bae\u0bbe\u0bb5\u0bcd, \u0b86\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0b83\u0baa\u0bb0\u0bcd, \u0bb9\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0bae\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bc1\u0bb4\u0bc1\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bb0\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bc1\u00a0 \u0bb5\u0bc6\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bc8\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4 \u0bb5\u0bc6\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bb5\u0bc0\u0b9a\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0b9f\u0bb2\u0bcd [Sea of Radiation] \u0b87\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0ba9\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b85\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf\u00a0 \u0b87\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95 \u0bb5\u0bc7\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b8e\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1 \u0b8a\u0b95\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0bae\u0bc1\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0ba9\u0bb1\u0bbf\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd!<\/p>\n<p>\u0b85\u0bb5\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0b95\u0ba3\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f \u0b85\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bc6\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bb5\u0bc0\u0b9a\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1 [Cosmic Background Radiation]\u00a0 \u0b87\u0ba3\u0bc8\u0baf\u0bbe\u0ba9 \u0b89\u0bb7\u0bcd\u0ba3\u0bae\u0bcd [3 \u0b9f\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bbf K (\u0b95\u0bc6\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd)]. 1965 \u0b86\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b86\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b86\u0baf\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0b95\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd\u00a0 [Bell Laboratories, Crawford Hill] \u0baa\u0ba3\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbe\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b86\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0ba9\u0bcb \u0baa\u0bc6\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbe\u0bb8\u0bcd, \u0bb0\u0bbe\u0baa\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0b8e\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u00a0 \u0b87\u0bb0\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1 \u0b95\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bb2\u0bc8 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9e\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0bcd [Radio Astronomers: Arno Penzias, Robert Wilson] \u0b85\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u00a0 \u0b89\u0bb7\u0bcd\u0ba3 \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bc8 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bc6\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0bae\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1, \u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bc6\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1 \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0baf\u0ba4\u0bbf \u0bae\u0bc7\u0bb2\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0b89\u0bb1\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbe\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0bb3\u0bcd\u0bb3\u0ba4\u0bc1! \u0b85\u0bb5\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0baf \u2018\u0b85\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1\u0bb2 \u0ba8\u0bc1\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0ba3\u0bb2\u0bc8\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bc0\u0b9a\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd \u2018 [Cosmic\u00a0 Microwave Background Radiation] \u0b95\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1 \u0baa\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bc6\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbe\u0bb8\u0bcd, \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0b87\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0bb5\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd 1978\u00a0 \u0b87\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bcb\u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0b9a\u0bc1 \u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd!<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/fig-10-hubble-space-telescope.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?hl=en&amp;q=https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/fig-10-hubble-space-telescope.jpg&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1485751845420000&amp;usg=AFQjCNErINLW4hgMkoc4Y2uOQzYauELR5A\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"m_-4780561093325932569gmail- m_-4780561093325932569gmail-size-full m_-4780561093325932569gmail-wp-image-5604 CToWUd aligncenter\" title=\"Fig 10 Hubble Space Telescope\" src=\"https:\/\/ci5.googleusercontent.com\/proxy\/JP41QHVjtUhia8Woh55Jr0BUF8Z6YHkuHbccJn8yCX-Fs9Z_mpfPjSajfIg8WkNVub6nKtfNb-4N_2DM4OqnDZ-td2tW97jUzjUqG1UbKuqv0ZD9IB-zn_6KeSKyILGzi1jqTDu9P7Wcsw6OToU=s0-d-e1-ft#https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/fig-10-hubble-space-telescope.jpg?w=584\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0baa\u0bc2\u0bae\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bc8\u0b9a\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bc1\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bbf\u0bb5\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0bb9\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bc6\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bca\u0bb2\u0bc8\u0ba8\u0bcb\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0ba8\u0bbe\u0b9a\u0bbe [NASA] \u0b8e\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0bb9\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bc8\u0bb5\u0bbe\u0b95, \u0b85\u0bb5\u0bb0\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0baa\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd 1990 \u0b86\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b86\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bc2\u0bae\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bc8\u0b9a\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0b9a\u0bc1\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bbf \u0bb5\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b92\u0bb0\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bc6\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bca\u0bb2\u0bc8 \u0ba8\u0bcb\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bc8 [Orbiting Hubble Space Telescope] \u0b85\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u00a0 \u0bb5\u0bc6\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b8f\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0baf\u0ba4\u0bc1. \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0ba4\u0bae \u0b86\u0b9f\u0bbf 94.5 \u0b85\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0bb2 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bae\u0bc1\u0bb3\u0bcd\u0bb3 \u0bb9\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bca\u0bb2\u0bc8 \u0ba8\u0bcb\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf\u00a0 370 \u0bae\u0bc8\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b89\u0baf\u0bb0\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd, \u0bb5\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f \u0bb5\u0bc0\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bc2\u0bae\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bc8\u0b9a\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bc1\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bbf \u0bb5\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0ba4\u0bc1. \u0baa\u0bc2\u0bae\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbe\u0baf\u0bc1\u0b9a\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0b9a\u0bc2\u0bb4\u0bcd\u0bae\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bb2\u0bae\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd, \u0bae\u0bc7\u0b95 \u0bae\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc8\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bc6\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1 \u0bae\u0bc1\u0b95\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bc8 \u0baf\u0bbf\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0b95\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0b95\u0bcb\u0bb3\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bc8 \u0bae\u0bb1\u0bc8\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbe\u0ba4 \u0b89\u0baf\u0bb0\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0baa\u0baf\u0ba3\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0ba4\u0bc1, \u0bb9\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bca\u0bb2\u0bc8 \u0ba8\u0bcb\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf!\u00a0 \u0b85\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f \u0bb5\u0bc6\u0bb3\u0bbf \u0bae\u0bc0\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bc0\u0b9a\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0bae\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbe\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4 \u0b92\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0ba8\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc8\u0baf\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd [Electromagnetic Spectrum]\u00a0 \u0b89\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bbf\u0bb5\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1, \u0baa\u0bc1\u0bb1\u0bb5\u0bc2\u0ba4\u0bbe \u0b85\u0bb0\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bc8 [Infrared, Ultraviolet Regions] \u0b86\u0bb0\u0bbe\u0baf\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bc8\u0b95\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0b95\u0bca\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0ba4\u0bc1! \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bb3, \u0bae\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf\u0baf \u0b95\u0bcb\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bbe\u0bae\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bbe\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd [Wide Field, Faint Object Cameras], \u0bae\u0bbf\u0b95\u00a0 \u0ba8\u0bc1\u0ba3\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95, \u0bae\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf\u0baf \u0b95\u0bcb\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0b92\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0ba8\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc8 \u0bae\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd [High Resolution, Faint Object Spectrographs],\u00a0 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bc8 \u0bb5\u0bc7\u0b95 \u0b92\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0b92\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0bbf [High Speed Photometer] \u0b86\u0b95\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bb5\u0bc8 \u0ba4\u0bca\u0bb2\u0bc8 \u0ba8\u0bcb\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0b85\u0bae\u0bc8\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0bb3\u0bcd\u0bb3\u0ba9.<\/p>\n<p>\u0baa\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbe\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1 \u0bae\u0bc7\u0bb2\u0bbe\u0b95 \u0b85\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f \u0b95\u0bcb\u0bb3\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0b85\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bbe\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bc8, \u0baa\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bae\u0baf \u0bb5\u0bc0\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bc8,\u00a0 \u0b95\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb5\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bc8\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0b9f\u0bae\u0bc6\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0baa\u0bc2\u0bae\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1 \u0b85\u0ba9\u0bc1\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bca\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0bb9\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0ba4\u0bca\u0bb2\u0bc8 \u0ba8\u0bcb\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf! \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0baa\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b92\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0bb5\u0bc7\u0bb3\u0bc8 \u0b87\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb2\u0bbe\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b8e\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1 \u0baf\u0bc2\u0b95\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f \u0b95\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0bb4\u0bbf\u00a0 [Black Hole] \u0b87\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc8\u0baf\u0bc8 \u0bae\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0bae\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bb2\u0bbe\u0b95 \u0b89\u0bb1\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf, \u0bb9\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bca\u0bb2\u0bc8 \u0ba8\u0bcb\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf 1994\u00a0 \u0b86\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b86\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bbe\u0b95 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bb0\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bc8\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bbe\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bbf \u0baf\u0bc1\u0bb3\u0bcd\u0bb3\u0ba4\u0bc1! \u0baa\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bb3\u0bc1\u0bb5\u0bc8 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0b9f \u0bae\u0bc2\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1\u00a0 \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bb2\u0bbf\u0baf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0bae\u0b9f\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1 \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0bc8\u0baf\u0bc1\u0b9f\u0bc8\u0baf \u0bae\u0bbe\u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b93\u0bb0\u0bcd \u0b85\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc8\u0b95\u0bcd M87 \u0b95\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0bae\u0bc8\u0baf\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bbe\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bbf \u0baf\u0bc1\u0bb3\u0bcd\u0bb3\u0ba4\u0bc1! \u0baa\u0bc2\u0ba4\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bcb\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbe\u0bb4\u0ba9\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bc6\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0bb5\u0bbe\u0ba9 \u0bb5\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0bb5\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc8\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bbe\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bbf, 1994\u00a0 \u0b87\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0bae\u0bc0\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bc2\u0bae\u0bc7\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb0\u0bcd \u0bb2\u0bc6\u0bb5\u0bbf [Shoemaker-Levi 9] \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbe\u0bb4\u0ba9\u0bc1\u0b9f\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0bae\u0bcb\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bc2\u0bb3\u0bbe\u0b95\u0bbf\u00a0 \u0b8e\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0ba4\u0bc8\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0b9f\u0bae\u0bc6\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1\u0bb3\u0bcd\u0bb3\u0ba4\u0bc1!<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/fig-8-edwin-hubble-stamp.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?hl=en&amp;q=https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/fig-8-edwin-hubble-stamp.jpg&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1485751845420000&amp;usg=AFQjCNHdxsvU3kixAJ6I142WhfSxW89fOw\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"CToWUd aligncenter\" title=\"Fig 8 Edwin Hubble Stamp\" src=\"https:\/\/ci4.googleusercontent.com\/proxy\/QQFbrBsRRucjB4Ux4p3APAnmvRvi2Er7SE-SQ9R87xBcU0q3MxXH_RZbiP_M1vgt5Z9_jSpil2fyQVnqCukO1i2xW9gWf6-byLUwjCJxh0rJO_gVPRhlYoaR5ppBzMjBaU5mn9Euu7AIJxk5ZYJr=s0-d-e1-ft#https:\/\/jayabarathan.files.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/fig-8-edwin-hubble-stamp.jpg?w=750&amp;h=485\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"323\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0ba8\u0bbe\u0b9a\u0bbe\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u2018\u0ba4\u0bc1\u0ba3\u0bc8\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bcb\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bcb\u0baa\u0bbf\u2019 [COBE Spacecraft, Cosmic Background Explorer] 1989-1993\u00a0 \u0b86\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b85\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bc0\u0b9a\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0ba4\u0bb3\u0bb5\u0bb0\u0bc8\u0bb5\u0bc8\u0baa\u0bcd [Cosmic Background Radiation\u00a0 Mapping] \u0baa\u0b9f\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b8e\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0ba4\u0bc1! \u0bb5\u0bc6\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b85\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd \u0b89\u0bae\u0bbf\u0bb4\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b95\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bc0\u0b9a\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bc1 \u0b85\u0b9f\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf \u2018\u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bc1\u00a0 \u0bb5\u0bc6\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1 \u0ba8\u0bbf\u0baf\u0ba4\u0bbf \u2018 \u0bae\u0bc1\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0ba9\u0bb1\u0bbf\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0baa\u0bcb\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0baa\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bb0\u0bb5\u0bbf \u0b87\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0ba4\u0bc8 \u0b85\u0ba4\u0bc1\u00a0 \u0bae\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bbe\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0baf\u0ba4\u0bc1! \u0bae\u0bc7\u0bb2\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b85\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bc1\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0bb5\u0bc0\u0b9a\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bc1 \u0b9a\u0bc0\u0bb0\u0bbe\u0b95\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bb0\u0bb5\u0bbe\u0ba4\u0bc1, \u0b85\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u00a0 \u0bae\u0bbf\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bc7\u0bb1\u0bc1\u0baa\u0b9f\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0bc1 \u0b87\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0ba4\u0bbe\u0b95 \u0baa\u0b9f\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b85\u0bb1\u0bbf\u0baf\u0baa\u0bcd \u0baa\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0ba4\u0bc1! \u0b87\u0ba8\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0b9a\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bc0\u0bb0\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1\u00a0 \u0bb5\u0bc7\u0bb1\u0bc1\u0baa\u0bbe\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbe\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0baa\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0b95\u0bcd\u0bb8\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bb3\u0bb0\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bbf\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd, \u0bae\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb1\u00a0 \u0b85\u0ba3\u0bcd\u0b9f\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0ba4\u0bc8\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bbe\u0baf\u0bcd \u0b85\u0bae\u0bc8\u0b95\u0bbf\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0ba9 \u0b8e\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bc1 \u0b89\u0bb1\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbe\u0baf\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bcd \u0b95\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0baa\u0bcd\u00a0 \u0baa\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0b95\u0bbf\u0bb1\u0ba4\u0bc1!<\/p>\n<p>******************************<wbr \/>***************<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0ba4\u0b95\u0bb5\u0bb2\u0bcd :<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Edwin_Hubble\" target=\"_blank\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?hl=en&amp;q=https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Edwin_Hubble&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1485751845421000&amp;usg=AFQjCNEfggaI_OWwaTBtWNdV_Uuh5VxDeA\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/<wbr \/>wiki\/Edwin_Hubble<\/a> \u00a0 :\u00a0\u00a0 Edwin Hubble\u00a0 (November 30, 2015)<\/p>\n<p>2.\u00a0 www. Spacetelescope.org\u00a0\u00a0 (Edwin Hubble \u2013 The Man Who Discovered The Cosmic Expansion ).<\/p>\n<p>3.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.spacetelescope.org\/about\/history\/the_man_behind_the_name\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?hl=en&amp;q=https:\/\/www.spacetelescope.org\/about\/history\/the_man_behind_the_name\/&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1485751845421000&amp;usg=AFQjCNG5-7iFEgWFEwTxid8EJ51S1b_QeA\">https:\/\/www.spacetelescope.<wbr \/>org\/about\/history\/the_man_<wbr \/>behind_the_name\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p>4. \u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.biography.com\/people\/edwin-hubble-9345936\" target=\"_blank\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?hl=en&amp;q=http:\/\/www.biography.com\/people\/edwin-hubble-9345936&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1485751845421000&amp;usg=AFQjCNEstTwRfBlpeoHN__GAhPUsMSsLhQ\">http:\/\/www.biography.com\/<wbr \/>people\/edwin-hubble-9345936<\/a><\/p>\n<p>5. \u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.space.com\/15665-edwin-powell-hubble.html\" target=\"_blank\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?hl=en&amp;q=http:\/\/www.space.com\/15665-edwin-powell-hubble.html&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1485751845421000&amp;usg=AFQjCNE4oNP4NmI6wmRFr35rPnAW9a6kfg\">http:\/\/www.space.com\/15665-<wbr \/>edwin-powell-hubble.html<\/a><\/p>\n<p>6. \u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.physicsoftheuniverse.com\/scientists_hubble.html\" target=\"_blank\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?hl=en&amp;q=http:\/\/www.physicsoftheuniverse.com\/scientists_hubble.html&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1485751845421000&amp;usg=AFQjCNEuNo8QK4tCSPabmVfVzP1DxPa31g\">http:\/\/www.<wbr \/>physicsoftheuniverse.com\/<wbr \/>scientists_hubble.html<\/a><\/p>\n<p>7. \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/cosmology.carnegiescience.edu\/timeline\/1929\" target=\"_blank\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?hl=en&amp;q=https:\/\/cosmology.carnegiescience.edu\/timeline\/1929&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1485751845421000&amp;usg=AFQjCNH1deeXY7Y9C2LcXSgPGt0uV37JkQ\">https:\/\/cosmology.<wbr \/>carnegiescience.edu\/timeline\/<wbr \/>1929<\/a><\/p>\n<p>8. \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.aip.org\/history\/cosmology\/ideas\/hubble.htm\" target=\"_blank\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?hl=en&amp;q=https:\/\/www.aip.org\/history\/cosmology\/ideas\/hubble.htm&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1485751845421000&amp;usg=AFQjCNHKeCQ7tfwJIj1g7PQYg5p90UyZZA\">https:\/\/www.aip.org\/history\/<wbr \/>cosmology\/ideas\/hubble.htm<\/a><\/p>\n<p>9. \u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/asd.gsfc.nasa.gov\/archive\/hubble\/overview\/hubble_bio.html\" target=\"_blank\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?hl=en&amp;q=http:\/\/asd.gsfc.nasa.gov\/archive\/hubble\/overview\/hubble_bio.html&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1485751845421000&amp;usg=AFQjCNGsLfySeeuLxHW6kBfzUXRs1DzL8Q\">http:\/\/asd.gsfc.nasa.gov\/<wbr \/>archive\/hubble\/overview\/<wbr \/>hubble_bio.html<\/a><\/p>\n<p>10.\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/science\/space\/universe\/scientists\/edwin_hubble\" target=\"_blank\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?hl=en&amp;q=http:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/science\/space\/universe\/scientists\/edwin_hubble&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1485751845421000&amp;usg=AFQjCNETBQWGBZE35SiP_trcwCy1IVN2tQ\">http:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/<wbr \/>science\/space\/universe\/<wbr \/>scientists\/edwin_hubble<\/a><\/p>\n<p>11.\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/skyserver.sdss.org\/dr1\/en\/astro\/universe\/universe.asp\" target=\"_blank\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?hl=en&amp;q=http:\/\/skyserver.sdss.org\/dr1\/en\/astro\/universe\/universe.asp&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1485751845421000&amp;usg=AFQjCNEXmMvMT_3Tp5AMrAf-0D5JC24RiQ\">http:\/\/skyserver.sdss.org\/<wbr \/>dr1\/en\/astro\/universe\/<wbr \/>universe.asp<\/a><\/p>\n<p>12. \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/phys.org\/news\/2015-02-fast-universe.html\" target=\"_blank\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?hl=en&amp;q=https:\/\/phys.org\/news\/2015-02-fast-universe.html&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1485751845421000&amp;usg=AFQjCNHs2eFJecxnO4h0co_SRX4qhjazOw\">https:\/\/phys.org\/news\/2015-<wbr \/>02-fast-universe.html<\/a> \u00a0[February 10, 2015]<\/p>\n<p>13.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Accelerating_expansion_of_the_universe\" target=\"_blank\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?hl=en&amp;q=https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Accelerating_expansion_of_the_universe&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1485751845421000&amp;usg=AFQjCNETa6otfUqEdtWeB1APMmqF6XFWuA\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/<wbr \/>wiki\/Accelerating_expansion_<wbr \/>of_the_universe<\/a> [January 2, 2017]<\/p>\n<p>14.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Quasar\" target=\"_blank\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?hl=en&amp;q=https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Quasar&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1485751845421000&amp;usg=AFQjCNHHNx-EYIEwpqH2KvCTqOHC_zV0hg\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/<wbr \/>wiki\/Quasar<\/a> \u00a0[January 23, 2017]<\/p>\n<p>15. \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eurekalert.org\/pub_releases\/2017-01\/epfd-hfi012517.php\" target=\"_blank\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?hl=en&amp;q=https:\/\/www.eurekalert.org\/pub_releases\/2017-01\/epfd-hfi012517.php&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1485751845421000&amp;usg=AFQjCNH0QzN3QKrPWhpWLUNXR4xiTqepYg\">https:\/\/www.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>[Message clipped]\u00a0\u00a0<a class=\"vem\" href=\"https:\/\/mail.google.com\/mail\/ca\/u\/1\/?ui=2&amp;ik=2714f72823&amp;view=lg&amp;msg=159e6d9b83fc7fe0\" target=\"_blank\">View entire message<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"yj6qo\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\":pk\" class=\"hq gt a10\">\n<div class=\"hp\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"a3I\">Attachments area<\/div>\n<div id=\":pn\"><\/div>\n<div id=\":pm\" class=\"aQH\"><span class=\"aZo\"><a class=\"aQy aZR e aZr\" tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=bPMW7Q77p74&amp;authuser=1\" target=\"_blank\" data-tooltip-align=\"t,c\" data-tooltip-class=\"a1V\" data-tooltip=\"edwin hubble history of science\"><span id=\":n1\" class=\"a3I\">Preview YouTube video edwin hubble history of science<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<div>\n<div class=\"aSG\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"aVY aZn\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"aSH\"><img decoding=\"async\" id=\":mu\" class=\"aQG aYB\" src=\"https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/bPMW7Q77p74\/mqdefault.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<div id=\":n0\" class=\"aYy\">\n<div class=\"aYA\"><img decoding=\"async\" id=\":my\" class=\"aSM\" src=\"https:\/\/ssl.gstatic.com\/docs\/doclist\/images\/mediatype\/icon_2_youtube_x16.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<div class=\"aYz\">\n<div class=\"a12\">\n<div class=\"aQA\"><span id=\":mx\" class=\"aV3 a6U\">edwin hubble history of science<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"aSI\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><span class=\"aZo\"><a class=\"aQy aZR e aZr\" tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=k8fS_W4ZI1A&amp;authuser=1\" target=\"_blank\" data-tooltip-align=\"t,c\" data-tooltip-class=\"a1V\" data-tooltip=\"Edwin Hubble\"><span id=\":nc\" class=\"a3I\">Preview YouTube video Edwin Hubble<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<div>\n<div class=\"aSG\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"aVY aZn\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"aSH\"><img decoding=\"async\" id=\":n5\" class=\"aQG aYB\" src=\"https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/k8fS_W4ZI1A\/mqdefault.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<div id=\":nb\" class=\"aYy\">\n<div class=\"aYA\"><img decoding=\"async\" id=\":n9\" class=\"aSM\" src=\"https:\/\/ssl.gstatic.com\/docs\/doclist\/images\/mediatype\/icon_2_youtube_x16.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<div class=\"aYz\">\n<div class=\"a12\">\n<div class=\"aQA\"><span id=\":n8\" class=\"aV3 a6U\">Edwin Hubble<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"aSI\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><span class=\"aZo\"><a class=\"aQy aZR e aZr\" tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=mUNP1Zd_IuM&amp;authuser=1\" target=\"_blank\" data-tooltip-align=\"t,c\" data-tooltip-class=\"a1V\" data-tooltip=\"Edwin Hubble: an Informational Video\"><span id=\":nn\" class=\"a3I\">Preview YouTube video Edwin Hubble: an Informational Video<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<div>\n<div class=\"aSG\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"aVY aZn\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"aSH\"><img decoding=\"async\" id=\":ng\" class=\"aQG aYB\" src=\"https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/mUNP1Zd_IuM\/mqdefault.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<div id=\":nm\" class=\"aYy\">\n<div class=\"aYA\"><img decoding=\"async\" id=\":nk\" class=\"aSM\" src=\"https:\/\/ssl.gstatic.com\/docs\/doclist\/images\/mediatype\/icon_2_youtube_x16.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<div class=\"aYz\">\n<div class=\"a12\">\n<div class=\"aQA\"><span id=\":nj\" class=\"aV3 a6U\">Edwin Hubble: an Informational Video<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"aSI\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><span class=\"aZo\"><a class=\"aQy aZR e aZr\" tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=dB4-hoe8KDI&amp;authuser=1\" target=\"_blank\" data-tooltip-align=\"t,c\" data-tooltip-class=\"a1V\" data-tooltip=\"Hubble's Heritage - Professor Ian Morison\"><span id=\":ny\" class=\"a3I\">Preview YouTube video Hubble&#8217;s Heritage &#8211; Professor Ian Morison<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<div>\n<div class=\"aSG\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"aVY aZn\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"aSH\"><img decoding=\"async\" id=\":nr\" class=\"aQG aYB\" src=\"https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/dB4-hoe8KDI\/mqdefault.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<div id=\":nx\" class=\"aYy\">\n<div class=\"aYA\"><img decoding=\"async\" id=\":nv\" class=\"aSM\" src=\"https:\/\/ssl.gstatic.com\/docs\/doclist\/images\/mediatype\/icon_2_youtube_x16.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<div class=\"aYz\">\n<div class=\"a12\">\n<div class=\"aQA\"><span id=\":nu\" class=\"aV3 a6U\">Hubble&#8217;s Heritage &#8211; Professor Ian Morison<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"aSI\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><span class=\"aZo\"><a class=\"aQy aZR e aZr\" tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=t9276Lk_Ipg&amp;authuser=1\" target=\"_blank\" data-tooltip-align=\"t,c\" data-tooltip-class=\"a1V\" data-tooltip=\"Is the Universe Expanding?\"><span id=\":o9\" class=\"a3I\">Preview YouTube video Is the Universe Expanding?<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<div>\n<div class=\"aSG\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"aVY aZn\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"aSH\"><img decoding=\"async\" id=\":o2\" class=\"aQG aYB\" src=\"https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/t9276Lk_Ipg\/mqdefault.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<div id=\":o8\" class=\"aYy\">\n<div class=\"aYA\"><img decoding=\"async\" id=\":o6\" class=\"aSM\" src=\"https:\/\/ssl.gstatic.com\/docs\/doclist\/images\/mediatype\/icon_2_youtube_x16.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<div class=\"aYz\">\n<div class=\"a12\">\n<div class=\"aQA\"><span id=\":o5\" class=\"aV3 a6U\">Is the Universe Expanding?<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"aSI\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><span class=\"aZo\"><a class=\"aQy aZR e aZr\" tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=6i1uWV4mfTc&amp;authuser=1\" target=\"_blank\" data-tooltip-align=\"t,c\" data-tooltip-class=\"a1V\" data-tooltip=\"Expansion Of The Universe - Dark Matter And Dark Energy\"><span id=\":ok\" class=\"a3I\">Preview YouTube video Expansion Of The Universe &#8211; Dark Matter And Dark Energy<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<div>\n<div class=\"aSG\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"aVY aZn\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"aSH\"><img decoding=\"async\" id=\":od\" class=\"aQG aYB\" src=\"https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/6i1uWV4mfTc\/mqdefault.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<div id=\":oj\" class=\"aYy\">\n<div class=\"aYA\"><img decoding=\"async\" id=\":oh\" class=\"aSM\" src=\"https:\/\/ssl.gstatic.com\/docs\/doclist\/images\/mediatype\/icon_2_youtube_x16.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<div class=\"aYz\">\n<div class=\"a12\">\n<div class=\"aQA\"><span id=\":og\" class=\"aV3 a6U\">Expansion Of The Universe &#8211; Dark Matter And Dark Energy<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"aSI\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><span class=\"aZo\"><a class=\"aQy aZR e aZr\" tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=3TZEp_n3eIc&amp;authuser=1\" target=\"_blank\" data-tooltip-align=\"t,c\" data-tooltip-class=\"a1V\" data-tooltip=\"Why Quasars are so Awesome | Space Time\"><span id=\":ov\" class=\"a3I\">Preview YouTube video Why Quasars are so Awesome | Space Time<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<div>\n<div class=\"aSG\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"aVY aZn\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"aSH\"><img decoding=\"async\" id=\":oo\" class=\"aQG aYB\" src=\"https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/3TZEp_n3eIc\/mqdefault.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<div id=\":ou\" class=\"aYy\">\n<div class=\"aYA\"><img decoding=\"async\" id=\":os\" class=\"aSM\" src=\"https:\/\/ssl.gstatic.com\/docs\/doclist\/images\/mediatype\/icon_2_youtube_x16.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<div class=\"aYz\">\n<div class=\"a12\">\n<div class=\"aQA\"><span id=\":or\" class=\"aV3 a6U\">Why Quasars are so Awesome | Space Time<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"aSI\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><span class=\"aZo\"><a class=\"aQy aZR e aZr\" tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=bagpxIzXow0&amp;authuser=1\" target=\"_blank\" data-tooltip-align=\"t,c\" data-tooltip-class=\"a1V\" data-tooltip=\"Quasars: the Brightest Black Holes - Professor Carolin Crawford\"><span id=\":p6\" class=\"a3I\">Preview YouTube video Quasars: the Brightest Black Holes &#8211; Professor Carolin Crawford<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<div>\n<div class=\"aSG\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"aVY aZn\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"aSH\"><img decoding=\"async\" id=\":oz\" class=\"aQG aYB\" src=\"https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/bagpxIzXow0\/mqdefault.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<div id=\":p5\" class=\"aYy\">\n<div class=\"aYA\"><img decoding=\"async\" id=\":p3\" class=\"aSM\" src=\"https:\/\/ssl.gstatic.com\/docs\/doclist\/images\/mediatype\/icon_2_youtube_x16.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<div class=\"aYz\">\n<div class=\"a12\">\n<div class=\"aQA\"><span id=\":p2\" class=\"aV3 a6U\">Quasars: the Brightest Black Holes &#8211; Professor Carolin Crawford<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"aSI\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><span class=\"aZo\"><a class=\"aQy aZR e aZr\" tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=cw7MTOosfeU&amp;authuser=1\" target=\"_blank\" data-tooltip-align=\"t,c\" data-tooltip-class=\"a1V\" data-tooltip=\"How Fast is the Universe Expanding?\"><span id=\":ph\" class=\"a3I\">Preview YouTube video How Fast is the Universe Expanding?<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<div>\n<div class=\"aSG\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"aVY aZn\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"aSH\"><img decoding=\"async\" id=\":pa\" class=\"aQG aYB\" src=\"https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/cw7MTOosfeU\/mqdefault.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<div id=\":pg\" class=\"aYy\">\n<div class=\"aYA\"><img decoding=\"async\" id=\":pe\" class=\"aSM\" src=\"https:\/\/ssl.gstatic.com\/docs\/doclist\/images\/mediatype\/icon_2_youtube_x16.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<div class=\"aYz\">\n<div class=\"a12\">\n<div class=\"aQA\"><span id=\":pd\" class=\"aV3 a6U\">How Fast is the Universe Expanding?<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"aSI\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"aZK\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"hi\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ajx\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"gA gt acV\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0bb5\u0bc6\u0b95\u0bc1 \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bc8\u0bb5\u0bbe\u0baf\u0bcd \u0bb5\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0baa\u0bbf\u0bb0\u0baa\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bae\u0bcd \u0b9a\u0bbf. \u0b9c\u0bc6\u0baf\u0baa\u0bbe\u0bb0\u0ba4\u0ba9\u0bcd B.E.(Hons) P.Eng (Nuclear) \u0b95\u0ba9\u0b9f\u0bbe https:\/\/youtu.be\/bPMW7Q77p74 https:\/\/youtu.be\/k8fS_W4ZI1A https:\/\/youtu.be\/mUNP1Zd_IuM https:\/\/youtu.be\/dB4-hoe8KDI 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